STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT - WATER

0,33

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POLICIES ON ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COHESION

76

stron

1158

ID

Directorate-General for the Environment, European Commission

2001

rok

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. BACKGROUND TO WATER AND COHESION 5

2.1 Overview of section 5

2.2 The framework 5

2.3 The pressures 7

2.4 The policies 8

2.5 Summary 12

2.6 References 13

3. LINKAGES BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT-WATER POLICY AND SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC

COHESION 15

3.1 Overview of section 15

3.2 Cohesion impacts of the Water Framework Directive 15

3.3 Cohesion linkages of the Drinking Water Directive 16

3.4 Cohesion linkages of the Urban Wastewater Directive 17

3.5 Cohesion linkages of the Nitrate Directive 18

3.6 Conclusion 18

4. COST RECOVERY, INCENTIVE PRICING AND THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 21

4.1 Introduction 21

4.2 The nature of the link between policy and cohesion 21

4.3 Information and measurement 22

4.4 Assessment 26

4.5 References 26

5. HEALTH, ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AND THE DRINKING WATER DIRECTIVE 27

5.1 Introduction 27

5.2 The nature of the link between policy and cohesion 27

5.3 Information and measurement 28

5.4 Assessment 33

5.5 References 33

6. EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY AND THE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT DIRECTIVE 35

6.1 Introduction 35

6.2 The nature of the link between policy and cohesion 35

6.3 Information and measurement 36

6.4 Assessment 43

6.5 References 44

7. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND THE NITRATE DIRECTIVE 45

7.1 Introduction 45

7.2 The nature of the link between policy and cohesion 45

7.3 Information and measurement 46

7.4 Assessment 52

7.5 References 53

8. SITUATION IN ACCESSION COUNTRIES 55

8.1 Introduction 55

8.2 The overall situation 55

8.3 The management of water resources 56

8.4 The quality of drinking water 57

8.5 Expenditure on urban waste-water treatment 58

8.6 Agriculture and water quality 59

8.7 References 60

9. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 63

APPENDICES