The Assessment of Future Environmental and Economic

0,71

MB

Impacts of Process-Integrated Biocatalysts

80

stron

1844

ID

INSTITUTE FOR PROSPECTIVE TECHNOLOGICAL STUDIES

2003

rok

Table of Contents

Executive Summary .7

1. Introduction.13

1.1. Methodology13

1.2. The Archetype Approach14

1.3. Selected Industries 14

1.4. Data and Background Information16

1.5. Economic Assessment 16

1.6. Environmental Assessment.17

1.7. Future Potentials and Policy Recommendations.18

2. Sector Analyses and Future Potentials 21

2.1. Pulp & Paper .21

2.1.1. Sector Description21

2.1.2. Biocatalysts 25

2.1.3. Future Potentials 32

2.2. Textile 38

2.2.1. Sector Description38

2.2.2. Biocatalysts 42

2.2.3. Future Potentials 47

2.3. Leather .51

2.3.1. Sector Description51

2.3.2. Biocatalysts 53

2.3.3. Future Potentials 57

2.4. Other Sectors61

2.4.1. Food Industry.61

2.4.2. Fine Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals .68

3. Conclusions and Recommendations.71

3.1. Concluding on Environmental Effects71

3.2. Concluding on Economic Factors.72

3.3. Concluding on Institutional Factors74

3.4. Concluding on Technological Factors (R&D)77

3.5. Recommendations79

4. References81