| | Variation in calculated human exposure: Comparison of |
| | 0,85 | | MB | calculations with seven European human exposure models |
| | 122 | | stron |
| | 1922 | | ID | National Institute for Public Health and the Environment |
| | 2003 | | rok |
| | Contents |
| | UITGEBREIDE SAMENVATTING.7 |
| | EXTENDED SUMMARY..10 |
| | 1. INTRODUCTION13 |
| | 1.1 Background .13 |
| | 1.2 Purpose ..14 |
| | 2. PROCEDURE..15 |
| | 2.1 Collection of information.15 |
| | 2.2 Participating models ..15 |
| | 2.3 Activities ..17 |
| | 3. GENERAL MODEL INFORMATION19 |
| | 3.1 Dependencies between the models and model applications .19 |
| | 3.2 Model layout..21 |
| | 3.3 Model possibilities..24 |
| | 3.4 Model use.26 |
| | 4. OVERVIEWING INPUT PARAMETERS 31 |
| | 4.1 Data organisation.31 |
| | 4.2 Conclusions..40 |
| | 4.2.1 Human characteristics..40 |
| | 4.2.2 Input parameters in relation to Exposure via crop consumption..40 |
| | 4.2.3 Input parameters in relation to Exposure via inhalation of indoor air ..41 |
| | 4.2.4 Input parameters related to other exposure pathways41 |
| | 4.2.5 Contaminant-specific input parameters 41 |
| | 5. COMPARISON OF CALCULATED EXPOSURE..43 |
| | 5.1 Scenarios43 |
| | 5.2 Outputs ..44 |
| | 5.3 Definitions.47 |
| | 5.4 Procedure..48 |
| | 5.4.1 Visual interpretation ..48 |
| | 5.5 Contribution of separate exposure pathways to total exposure50 |
| | 5.6 Results.53 |
| | 5.6.1 Insight in the variation in calculated human exposure..53 |
| | 5.6.1.1Total exposure, adult .53 |
| | 5.6.1.2 Exposure via separate exposure pathways 56 |
| | 5.6.1.3 The influence of site characteristics on exposure via separate exposure pathways..58 |
| | 5.6.2 Understanding the variation in calculated human exposure65 |
| | 5.6.2.1 Exposure via soil ingestion ..66 |
| | 5.6.2.2 Exposure via crop consumption.67 |
| | 5.6.2.3 Exposure via indoor air inhalation73 |
| | 5.7 Discussion .78 |
| | 5.7.1 Acceptance of the variation in calculated exposure78 |
| | 5.7.2 Communication 81 |
| | 5.7.3 Harmonisation of human exposure calculations ..83 |
| | 6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..85 |
| | 6.1 Conclusions..85 |
| | 6.1.1 Exposure models .85 |
| | 6.1.2 Input parameters ..86 |
| | 6.1.3 Variation in exposure 87 |
| | 6.1.4 Procedure on calculating human exposure .90 |
| | 6.2 Recommendations 90 |
| | REFERENCES.93 |
| | APPENDIX 1: MAILING LIST ..95 |
| | APPENDIX 2: DETAILED INFORMATION ON THE EUROPEAN HUMAN EXPOSURE MODELS .97 |
| | |
| | CETOX-human (Denmark)..97 |
| | CLEA D.D. (United Kingdom) ..100 |
| | CSOIL 8.0 (The Netherlands) 104 |
| | LUR (Basque Country, Spain) ..107 |
| | NoNameGiven (France) 110 |
| | NoNameGiven (Sweden) ..113 |
| | ROME 01 (Italy)117 |
| | Vlier-humaan (Flanders, Belgium) .120 |