Chemical Warfare Agent Sea Dumping off Australia

0,78
MB

36
stron

2034
ID Department of Defence, Australia

2003
rok

Index

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

Chemical Warfare Agent Sea Dumping Episodes

International Dumping of CWA

CWA Dumping in Australian Waters

Northern Territory

Queensland

New South Wales

Victoria

Exposure to Dumped CWA

International Incidents

Australian Incidents

The Fate of CWA After Dumping

Corrosion of cylinders

The breakdown of CWA in sea water

Factors affecting the breakdown of mustard gas in sea water

Effects of sea currents and temperature on breakdown rate

Risks to the public in Australia

Potential environmental effects

The Future of Dumped CWA in Australian Waters

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

ACRONYMS

APPENDIX A Stockage of Chemical Munitions, US

APPENDIX B Stockage of Chemical Munitions, AUSTRALIAN ARMY

APPENDIX C Stockage of Chemical Munitions, RAAF

FIGURE 1 Likely dump area for 8000 tons of CWA dumped off Brisbane

FIGURE 2 CWA dump areas off Sydney

FIGURE 3 CWA dump areas off Townsville

FIGURE 4 CWA dump area off Victoria