ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOURCE MONITORING FOR PURPOSES OF

1,04

MB

RADIATION PROTECTION

136

stron

2346

ID

International Atomic Energy Agency

2005

rok

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION . 1

Background (1.1-1.6)1

Objective (1.7-1.9) . 3

Scope (1.10-1.15) . 4

Structure (1.16) 5

2. MEETING REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR MONITORING IN PRACTICES AND

INTERVENTIONS . 5

Legal context (2.1-2.8) 5

General conditions for monitoring (2.9-2.24) . 9

3. RESPONSIBILITIES FOR MONITORING . 14

Responsibilities of the operator (3.1-3.3) . 14

Responsibilities of the regulatory body (3.4-3.7). 15

Responsibilities of other agencies (3.8-3.11) 16

Reporting of monitoring results (3.12-3.18) . 18

4. GENERIC ASPECTS OF MONITORING PROGRAMMES 20

General (4.1-4.3) . 20

Human exposure pathways (4.4-4.11) 21

Exposure groups (4.12-4.17)24

Types of radiation monitoring (4.18-4.31) 25

5. PROGRAMMES FOR MONITORING IN PRACTICES AND INTERVENTIONS . 29

General (5.1-5.4) . 29

Monitoring of radioactive discharges within practices (5.5-5.63) . 30

Monitoring in emergency exposure situations (5.64-5.117) 47

Monitoring in situations of chronic (prolonged)

exposure (5.18-5.132)59

Supporting monitoring programmes (5.133-5.138) . 62

6. TECHNICAL CONDITIONS FOR MONITORING PROCEDURES . 64

Sampling strategy (6.1-6.22) 64

Strategy for measurements (6.23-6.29) . 71

Uncertainties in monitoring data (6.30-6.35) 75

7. CONSIDERATIONS IN DOSE ASSESSMENT . 76

General concepts (7.1-7.6) . 76

Assessment of doses from normal discharges (7.7-7.16). 77

Dose assessment in emergencies (7.17-7.27) . 80

Dose assessment for situations of chronic (prolonged) exposure (7.28-7.46) . 83

Uncertainties in dose assessments (7.47-7.55) . 87

8. INTERPRETATION OF MONITORING RESULTS . 89

General considerations (8.1-8.12) . 89

Compliance within practices with reference levels and criteria

for public exposure (8.13-8.26) 92

Assessment of protective actions in situations of emergency exposure (8.27-8.45) 95

Assessment of remedial actions in situations of chronic (prolonged) exposure (8.46-8.54) 100

9. QUALITY ASSURANCE 102

Quality assurance for monitoring (9.1-9.5)102

Quality assurance for dose assessment (9.6-9.7). 103

10. RECORDING OF RESULTS . 104

Recording monitoring data (10.1-10.11) 104

Retention of records (10.12) 106

11. EDUCATION AND TRAINING (11.1-11.4) 107

REFERENCES . 108

GLOSSARY . 111

CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW116

BODIES FOR THE ENDORSEMENT OF IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS . 117