MTBE and the Requirements for Underground Storage Tank

0,45

MB

Construction and Operation in Member States

82

stron

2561

ID

European Commission

2003

rok

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary.1

2. Study Background 3

2.1 Chapter Introduction..3

2.1.1 United States Regulation of Gasoline and UST Systems..3

2.1.2 European Regulation of Gasoline and UST Systems ..4

2.1.3 Predicted Use of Oxygenates in the EU .6

2.2 Study Scope 6

2.2.1 Study Objectives.7

3. Requirements for Underground Storage Tanks in the USA.9

3.1 Chapter Introduction..9

3.2 Underground Storage Tanks: The Regulatory History.9

3.2.1 Leak Detection..10

3.2.1.1 Financial Responsibilities12

3.2.1.2 California Requirements ..12

3.2.1.3 Complications of the California UST Programme .15

3.3 Underground Storage Tanks: Current Requirements .18

3.3.1 Corrosion Protection..18

3.3.2 Spill and Overfill Protection .19

3.3.3 Leak Detection..19

3.3.4 Construction Certification ..20

3.3.5 Future Initiatives..21

4. Regulation of Groundwater Protection and Water Quality24

4.1 Chapter Introduction24

4.2 United States Groundwater Regulations ..24

4.2.1 The Safe Water Assessment Programme 26

4.2.2 The Underground Injection Control Programme 26

4.2.3 State Legislation ..27

4.2.3.1 California Regulations ..28

4.3 United States Water Quality Regulations.30

4.3.1 Federal Drinking Water Standards .30

4.3.2 Drinking Water Programmes.31

4.3.3 California Regulations..32

4.3.3.1 Californian Drinking Water Programme .33

4.4 EU Water Quality Regulations..35

4.4.1 Prevention of Groundwater Contamination ..35

4.4.2 Preservation of Water Quality..36

4.4.2 Water Quality Framework Directive .36

4.4.3 Comparison of United States and EU Legislation..38

4.5 Chapter Summary .42

5. Member State Survey Information 43

5.1 Chapter Introduction43

5.2 Member State Requirements for UST systems..44

5.2.1 Benchmarking of Standards for UST Systems .44

5.2.2 Summary of Requirements .45

5.2.3 Dates of Enforcement..46

5.2.3 Member State Summaries46

5.2.4 Austria ..47

5.2.5 Belgium 47

5.2.5.1 Brussels.48

5.2.5.2 Flanders.48

5.2.5.3 Wallonia49

5.2.6 Denmark ..50

5.2.7 Finland..51

5.2.8 France 52

5.2.9 Germany ..53

5.2.10 Greece54

5.2.11 Republic of Ireland .54

5.2.12 Italy.55

5.2.13 Luxembourg57

5.2.14 Netherlands.58

5.2.15 Portugal.58

5.2.16 Spain..59

5.2.17 Sweden .61

5.2.18 United Kingdom ..61

5.2.18.1 England, Wales and Scotland 61

5.2.18.2 Northern Ireland63

5.3 Monitoring of Groundwater Contamination63

5.3.1 Denmark ..64

5.3.2 Finland..65

5.3.3 France 65

5.3.4 Germany ..65

5.3.5 Sweden .66

5.3.6 United Kingdom ..66

5.3.6.1 Scope and Objectives of the Survey ..66

5.3.6.2 Data on Retail Sites and Depots ..67

5.3.6.3 Monitoring of Groundwater Quality..67

5.3.7 Study Conclusions..68

5.4 Chapter Summary ..68

6. Study Findings.69

6.1 Chapter Introduction69

6.2 Main Findings.69

6.2.1 Member States Requirements for UST Systems .69

6.2.2 Water Quality Legislation ..71

6.2.3 Monitoring of Groundwater Contamination..71

6.3 Additional Findings for Consideration..72

6.3.1 Pattern of MTBE consumption.73

6.3.2 Geology 75

6.3.3 United States Economy 75

6.4 Chapter Conclusions76