| | Criminal Penalties in EU Member States’ Environmental Law |
| | 1,37 | | MB |
| | 365 | | stron |
| | 2576 | | ID | Maastricht European Institute for Transnational Legal Research |
| | 2003 | | rok |
| | Contents |
| | 1. Introduction1 |
| | 2. Overview of criminal penalties in the EU Member States.5 |
| | 2.1. Directive 75/439 (disposal of waste oils)6 |
| | 2.1.1. Austria..6 |
| | 2.1.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:..6 |
| | 2.1.1.2. Criminal law (federal): §§ 180-183 StGB, Criminal Code 6 |
| | 2.1.2. Belgium7 |
| | 2.1.2.1. Flanders7 |
| | 2.1.2.2. The Walloon district..8 |
| | 2.1.2.3. Brussels 8 |
| | 2.1.3. Denmark..9 |
| | 2.1.4. Finland ..10 |
| | 2.1.5. France.10 |
| | 2.1.6. Germany12 |
| | 2.1.7. Greece 13 |
| | 2.1.8. Ireland 13 |
| | 2.1.9. Italy .14 |
| | 2.1.10. Luxembourg 15 |
| | 2.1.11. Portugal .15 |
| | 2.1.12. Spain15 |
| | 2.1.13. The Netherlands 16 |
| | 2.1.14. United Kingdom16 |
| | 2.1.14.1. England and Wales..17 |
| | 2.1.14.2. Scotland.17 |
| | 2.1.14.3. Northern Ireland18 |
| | 2.2. Directive 75/442 (waste) ..19 |
| | 2.2.1. Austria19 |
| | 2.2.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:19 |
| | 2.2.2. Belgium.20 |
| | 2.2.2.1. Flanders.21 |
| | 2.2.2.2. The Walloon district22 |
| | 2.2.2.3. Brussels .22 |
| | 2.2.3. Denmark23 |
| | 2.2.4. Finland ..24 |
| | 2.2.5. France.24 |
| | 2.2.6. Germany26 |
| | 2.2.7. Greece 27 |
| | 2.2.8. Ireland 27 |
| | 2.2.9. Italy .28 |
| | 2.2.10. Luxembourg 28 |
| | 2.2.11. Portugal .29 |
| | 2.2.12. Spain29 |
| | 2.2.13. The Netherlands 30 |
| | 2.2.14. United Kingdom30 |
| | 2.2.14.1. England and Wales..30 |
| | 2.2.14.2. Scotland.31 |
| | 2.2.14.3. Northern Ireland31 |
| | 2.3. Directive 76/464 (dangerous substances).32 |
| | 2.3.1. Austria32 |
| | 2.3.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:32 |
| | 2.3.1.2. Criminal law (federal): §§ 180-183 StGB, Criminal Code .32 |
| | 2.3.2. Belgium.33 |
| | 2.3.2.1. Flanders.33 |
| | 2.3.2.2. The Walloon district33 |
| | 2.3.2.3. Brussels .34 |
| | 2.3.3. Denmark35 |
| | 2.3.4. Finland ..35 |
| | 2.3.5. France.35 |
| | 2.3.6. Germany38 |
| | 2.3.7. Greece 38 |
| | 2.3.8. Ireland 38 |
| | 2.3.9. ITALY40 |
| | 2.3.10. Luxembourg 41 |
| | 2.3.11. Portugal .41 |
| | 2.3.12. Spain42 |
| | 2.3.13. The Netherlands 42 |
| | 2.3.14. United Kingdom43 |
| | 2.3.14.1. England and Wales..43 |
| | 2.3.14.2. Scotland.44 |
| | 2.3.14.3. Northern Ireland45 |
| | 2.4. Directive 79/409 (wild birds) .46 |
| | 2.4.1. Austria46 |
| | 2.4.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:46 |
| | 2.4.1.2. Criminal law (federal): §§ 180-183 StGB, Criminal Code .47 |
| | 2.4.2. Belgium.47 |
| | 2.4.2.1. Flanders.48 |
| | 2.4.2.2. The Walloon district48 |
| | 2.4.2.3. Brussels .48 |
| | 2.4.3. Denmark48 |
| | 2.4.4. Finland ..49 |
| | 2.4.5. France.50 |
| | 2.4.6. Germany51 |
| | 2.4.7. Greece 52 |
| | 2.4.8. Ireland 52 |
| | 2.4.9. Italy .53 |
| | 2.4.10. Luxembourg 53 |
| | 2.4.11. Portugal .53 |
| | 2.4.12. Spain54 |
| | 2.4.13. The Netherlands 54 |
| | 2.4.14. United Kingdom54 |
| | 2.4.14.1. England and Wales..55 |
| | 2.4.14.2. Scotland.55 |
| | 2.4.14.3. Northern Ireland56 |
| | 2.5. Directive 83/513 (cadmium discharges) ..56 |
| | 2.5.1. Austria56 |
| | 2.5.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:56 |
| | 2.5.1.2. Criminal law (federal): §§ 180-183 StGB, Criminal Code .56 |
| | 2.5.2. Belgium.57 |
| | 2.5.2.1. Flanders.57 |
| | 2.5.2.2. The Walloon district57 |
| | 2.5.2.3. Brussels .58 |
| | 2.5.3. Denmark58 |
| | 2.5.4. Finland ..58 |
| | 2.5.5. France.58 |
| | 2.5.6. Germany60 |
| | 2.5.7. Greece 60 |
| | 2.5.8. Ireland 61 |
| | 2.5.9. ITALY62 |
| | 2.5.10. Luxembourg 62 |
| | 2.5.11. Portugal .62 |
| | 2.5.12. Spain63 |
| | 2.5.13. The Netherlands 64 |
| | 2.5.14. United Kingdom64 |
| | 2.5.14.1. England and Wales..64 |
| | 2.5.14.2. Scotland.64 |
| | 2.5.14.3. Northern Ireland65 |
| | 2.6. Directive 88/609 (air pollution from large combustion plants).65 |
| | 2.6.1. Austria65 |
| | 2.6.1.1. Federal and State administrative penal law:65 |
| | 2.6.1.2. Criminal law (federal): §§ 180-183 StGB, Criminal Code .66 |
| | 2.6.2. Belgium.66 |
| | 2.6.2.1. Flanders.66 |
| | 2.6.2.2. The Walloon district67 |
| | 2.6.2.3. Brussels .67 |
| | 2.6.3. Denmark67 |
| | 2.6.4. Finland ..68 |
| | 2.6.5. France.68 |
| | 2.6.6. Germany69 |
| | 2.6.7. Greece 71 |
| | 2.6.8. Ireland 71 |
| | 2.6.9. ITALY71 |
| | 2.6.10. Luxembourg 72 |
| | 2.6.11. Portugal .73 |
| | 2.6.12. Spain73 |
| | 2.6.13. The Netherlands 74 |
| | 2.6.14. United Kingdom74 |
| | 2.6.14.1. England and Wales..74 |
| | 2.6.14.2. Scotland.75 |
| | 2.6.14.3. Northern Ireland75 |
| | 2.7. Directive 91/689 (hazardous waste)76 |
| | 2.7.1. Austria76 |
| | 2.7.2. Belgium.79 |
| | 2.7.2.1. Flanders.79 |
| | 2.7.2.2. The Walloon District..79 |
| | 2.7.2.3. Brussels .79 |