| | Towards an EEA Europe-wide assessment of areas under risk |
| | 12,7 | | MB | for soil contamination |
| | 424 | | stron |
| | 2607 | | ID | European Environment Agency |
| | 2005 | | rok |
| | Volume I |
| | Background and outcomes of the project |
| | |
| | Contents |
| | 1. Introduction . 5 |
| | 1.1 Scope of the report .5 |
| | 1.2 Background .5 |
| | 1.3 Policy developments..6 |
| | 2. Problem areas: a discussion on definitions and relevant criteria for their identification 9 |
| | 2.1 A preliminary discussion on suitable criteria for the identification of problems areas for soil |
| | contamination ..9 |
| | 2.2 A working definition of areas under risk for soil contamination .11 |
| | 3. Project methodology 13 |
| | 3.1 Steps followed.13 |
| | 3.2 A tiered approach..14 |
| | 3.3 Dealing with uncertainties16 |
| | 3.4 Constraints and boundary conditions (limitations of the first phase of the project).17 |
| | 3.5 Peer review 17 |
| | 4. Project outcomes .. 19 |
| | 4.1 Application of the methodology to selected mining and industrial sites 19 |
| | 4.2 Results of the preliminary assessment 19 |
| | 4.2.1 Human health risks at mining sites 20 |
| | 4.2.2 Human health risks at EPER sites..20 |
| | 4.3 Conclusions of expert workshop.21 |
| | 4.4 Follow-ups .22 |
| | 5. References. 24 |
| | Annex 1 Maps and graphs .. 25 |
| | Annex 2 Minutes: Expert Workshop on Local Soil |
| | Contamination . 31 |
| | List of participants 32 |
| | Opening 33 |
| | Session 1: Proposed EEA Screening method.34 |
| | Session 2: National and regional methods38 |
| | Session 3. Specific questions to the invited experts .40 |
| | Session 4. General discussion .41 |
| | Session 5: Information on development of soil issues at the EEA ...44 |
| |
| | Volume II |
| | Review and analysis of existing methodologies for preliminary risk assessment |
| | Contents |
| | Executive summary. 5 |
| | 1. Introduction.. 6 |
| | 1.1. Scope of the report.. 6 |
| | 1.2. Background.. 6 |
| | 1.3. Policy developments.. 7 |
| | 2. Objectives of the review 9 |
| | 3. Description of methodology data sheets 10 |
| | 3.1. General information . 10 |
| | 3.2. Main features of the methodology.. 10 |
| | 3.3. Integration with other assessment and land planning tools.. 11 |
| | 3.4. Main elements of the methodology and risk calculation algorithm .. 11 |
| | 3.5. Indicators/factors/parameters list and description .. 11 |
| | 3.6. Parameters classification and harmonization . 11 |
| | 3.7. User interface 12 |
| | 4.2 Data base architecture 18 |
| | 4. Results of the analysis 21 |
| | 4.1. Harmonized parameters. 21 |
| | 5. References . 26 |
| | Annexes . Methodology data sheets 28 |
| | Annex 1: AGAPE .. 29 |
| | Annex 2: Alaska Hazard Ranking Method (A.H.R.M.) 33 |
| | Annex 3: Analisi del Rischio per la Gerarchizzazione dei siti Inquinati presenti nell.Anagrafe |
| | (A.R.G.I.A.). 38 |
| | Annex 4: Baden-Wurttemberg Method (B.W.M.) .. 43 |
| | Annex 5: Contaminated Sites Screening Model (C.S.S.M.) 47 |
| | Annex 6: Dundee Risk Evaluator Assessment Model (D.R.E.A.M.).. 53 |
| | Annex 7: Geologian TutkimusKeskus (GTK).. 60 |
| | Annex 9: Indiana Scoring Model (I.S.M.) 74 |
| | Annex 10: Lombardia Risorse (L.R.) 81 |
| | Annex11: National Classification System for Contaminated Sites (N.C.S.C.S.) 85 |
| | Annex 12: Numerical Ranking System (N.R.S.). 93 |
| | Annex 13: Method Regione Piemonte (R.P.). 103 |
| | Annex 14: Method for Inventories of Contaminated Sites (M.I.F.O.) . 107 |
| | Annex 15: Relative Risk Site Evaluation (R.R.S.E.).. 115 |
| | Annex 16: Receptor Source Proximity Relative Risk-Screening Model (R.R.S.M.)121 |
| | Annex 17: Risk Assessment for Small Closed Landfills (R.A.S.C.L.) .. 125 |
| | Annex 18: RIsk of COntaminated SItes (RI.SI.CO.) .. 131 |
| | Annex 19: Risk Screening System for contaminated sites (R.S.S.) .. 140 |
| | Annex 20: Remediation Urgency Method (R.U.M.) 144 |
| | Annex 21: Simplified Risk Assessment (S.R.A.) 160 |
| | Annex 22: Site Assessment Model (S.A.M.).. 166 |
| | Annex 23: Site Assessment Prioritization System (S.A.P.S.) 174 |
| | Annex 24: Site Prioritisation Criteria (S.P.C.) .. 179 |
| | Annex 25: SnamProgetti (S.P.).. 182 |
| | Annex 26: System for the Prioritisation of Point Sources (S.P.P.S., Geoenviron)185 |
| | Annex 27: Washington Ranking Methods (WA.R.M.).. 192 |
| | |
| | Volume III |
| | PRA.MS: scoring model and algorithm |
| | |
| | Contents |
| | Executive summary. 5 |
| | 1. Introduction .. 7 |
| | 1.1 Scope and background of the report . 7 |
| | 1.2 Objectives and model outline . 8 |
| | 1.3 A tiered approach 13 |
| | 1.4 Constraints and boundary conditions (limitations) of the methodology.. 15 |
| | 1.5 Peer review .. 15 |
| | 2. Tier 2 .. 16 |
| | 2.1 Overview 16 |
| | 2.2 Parameters in the model . 16 |
| | 2.3 Human Health Risk Assessment 19 |
| | 2.3.1 Groundwater (GW).. 19 |
| | 2.3.2 Surface Water (SW) 24 |
| | 2.3.3 Air (AIR) .. 28 |
| | 2.3.4 Direct Contact (DC) 32 |
| | 2.3.5 Algorithm for overall human health risk site scoring from factor and route scores 34 |
| | 2.4 Ecological risk assessment .. 35 |
| | 2.4.1 Ecological risk to Surface Water (SW) . 35 |
| | 2.4.2 Ecological risk to Protected Areas (PA) 40 |
| | 2.4.3 Algorithm for overall ecological site scoring from factor and receptor scores . 42 |
| | 2.5 Uncertainty analysis .. 42 |
| | 2.5.1 Human Health. 42 |
| | 2.5.2 Ecological receptors 45 |
| | 2.6 Options for multiple sources: scoring sources hazard .. 47 |
| | 2.6.1 One contaminant typology .. 49 |
| | 2.6.2 Two-contaminant typologies.. 49 |
| | 2.6.3 Three or more-contaminants typologies 49 |
| | 3. Tier 1 .. 50 |
| | 3.1 Overview 50 |
| | 3.2 Parameters in the model . 50 |
| | 3.3 Human Health Risk Assessment 51 |
| | 3.3.1 Scoring the Source indicator .. 51 |
| | 3.3.2 GW factors weights . 52 |
| | 3.3.3 SW factors weights.. 53 |
| | 3.3.4 AIR factors weights. 53 |
| | 3.3.5 Algorithm for overall risk site scoring from factor and route scores . 55 |
| | 3.4 Ecological Risk Assessment 56 |
| | 3.4.1 Ecological risk to Surface Water.. 56 |
| | 3.4.2 Ecological risk to Protected Areas (PA) 57 |
| | 3.4.3 Algorithm for overall ecological site scoring from factor and receptor scores . 59 |
| | 3.5 Uncertainty analysis .. 60 |
| | 3.5.1 Human health . 60 |
| | 4. References.. 65 |
| | List of annexes |
| | Annex 1: Source Hazard classification by contaminant Risk phrases -Tier 2.66 |
| | Annex 2A: Source Quantity classification - Tier 2 Human Health (GW, SW, AIR, DC) and Tier 2 |
| | Ecological (SW) .68 |
| | Annex 2B: Source Quantity classification - Tier 2 Ecological (PA)..70 |
| | Annex 2C: Source Quantity classification - Tier 1 Human Health (GW, SW, AIR, DC) and Tier 1 |
| | Ecological (SW) .71 |
| | Annex 2D: Source Quantity classification - Tier 1 Ecological (PA)..73 |
| | Annex 3: Source Hazard classification by Branch Type - Tier 1 .75 |
| | Annex 4: Example of Tier 2 application to a mining site of the DECHMINUE database..80 |
| |
| | Application of the PRA.MS model to selected industrial and mining sites |