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REMEDIAL OPTIONS GUIDEBOOK

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260

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2655

ATLANTIC COASTAL ACTION PROGRAM

2000

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COMMENTS ON THE GUIDEBOOK'S FORM AND ORGANIZATION . 5

DOCUMENTS REFERENCED FOR GLOSSARY .. 7

LAYING THE GROUNDWORK 17

IDENTIFYING USE OBJECTIVES FOR COASTAL COMMUNITIES 17

USE OBJECTIVE REFERENCE CHART . 19

STEP 1: RECOGNITION OF THE PROBLEM 20

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION . 20

WATER POLLUTION REFERENCE CHART . 21

I BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (BOD) 23

II NUTRIENTS . 24

III INFECTIOUS AGENTS .25

IV HEAVY METALS HEAVY METALS .. 26

V TOXIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS (TOC) 27

VI ACIDS .. 28

VII SALTS .. 29

VIII SUSPENDED SOLIDS .. 30

IX HYDROCARBONS 31

X THERMAL POLLUTION 32

XI PHYSICAL HABITAT ALTERATION . 33

WATER POLLUTION CHECKLIST 34

GROUNDWATER POLLUTION. 35

STEP 2: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE STUDY AREA 36

I HOW TO ORGANIZE YOUR GROUP 36

II CONDUCTING A WATERSHED SURVEY . 37

III WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAMS 38

A CITIZEN BASED WATER QUALITY MONITORING ..38

B GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS .. 39

C PRIVATE INDUSTRIES .39

ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION . 41

I ATLANTIC COASTAL ACTION PROGRAM (ACAP) SITES ..41

II GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) MAPPING OVERLAYS 42

III TRADITIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE (TEK) ..43

IV EASTERN HABITAT JOINT VENTURE.. 43

V ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE COOPERATIVES IN ATLANTIC CANADA 44

VI CITY DIRECTORY (STREETS & ADDRESSES) 45

VII ATLANTIC COASTAL ZONE DATABASE DIRECTORY 45

VIII CANADIAN ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTORY. 45

IX CANADIAN MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL DIRECTORY ..45

X KEY HOME PAGES ON THE INTERNET .. 46

STEP 3: ESTABLISHING WATER QUALITY OBJECTIVESSTEP .. 47

I EFFLUENT AND STREAM STANDARDS.. 47

II ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OBJECTIVES . 47

III ASSIMILATIVE CAPACITY OF THE RECEIVING ENVIRONMENT 48

1996 Remedial Options Guidebook 3

STEP 4: INVENTORY OF POTENTIAL POLLUTION SOURCES 49

POINT SOURCES 49

I CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES . 50

I PETROLEUM REFINING 50

II CHLORALKALI PRODUCTION .. 52

III FERTILIZER PRODUCTION . 53

IV WOOD PRESERVATION AND PROTECTION PLANTS .. 54

II NATURAL RESOURCE INDUSTRIES .. 55

I PULP AND PAPER MILLS .. 55

II FISH AND FOOD PROCESSING PLANTS . 56

III MINING AND SMELTING . 58

A) MINING .. 58

B) LEAD SMELTING. 60

C) STEEL PRODUCTION .. 61

III MANUFACTURING 62

I TIRE MANUFACTURING 62

II TEXTILE MANUFACTURING . 63

IV MUNICIPAL EFFLUENT 64

.SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS/COMBINED SEWERS/COMMUNITY 65

V ENERGY PRODUCTION.. 66

II HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION . 67

NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION (NPS).. 69

I AGRICULTURE .. 71

II FORESTRY 75

III HYDROLOGIC/HABITAT MODIFICATION . 78

IV LANDBASED ACTIVITIES .. 80

I) AIRPORTS/MARINE/RAIL/ROADS.. 80

II) AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY . 80

III) DRY CLEANERS AND LAUNDROMATS 81

IV) ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY 81

V) HOUSEHOLD ACTIVITIES . 82

VI) JUNKYARDS . 82

VII) LANDFILLS.. 82

VIII) METALS INDUSTRY . 83

IX) ONSITE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS/SEPTIC SYSTEMS . 83

X) PAINT MANUFACTURING. 84

XI) PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING . 84

XII) PRINTING INDUSTRY . 85

XIII) WILDLIFE & PETS . 85

V MARINAS .. 86

VII URBAN RUNOFF .. 89