abs

DESTRUCTION OF CHEMICAL MUNITIONS AT PUEBLO CHEMICAL

6,61

DEPOT, COLORADO

541

stron

3778

U.S. Army's Chemical Materials Agency

2002

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF FIGURES . xi

LIST OF TABLES . xiii

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS . xvii

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . xxiii

1. PURPOSE OF AND NEED FOR THE PROPOSED ACTION . 1-1

1.1 INTRODUCTION 1-1

1.2 PURPOSE AND NEED . 1-4

1.3 SCOPE 1-4

1.4 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND THE NEPA PROCESS . 1-6

1.4.1 Notice of Intent . 1-7

1.4.2 Scoping Process 1-7

1.4.2.1 Mailing list 1-7

1.4.2.2 Public scoping process 1-7

1.4.2.3 Scoping results and key issues 1-8

1.4.3 Notice of Availability for DEIS 1-8

1.4.4 Notice of Availability for FEIS . 1-9

1.4.5 Record of Decision 1-9

1.4.6 Defense Acquisition Board Decision Process 1-9

1.5 RELATION OF THIS FEIS TO ACWA ACTIONS 1-11

1.6 APPROACH TO IMPACT ANALYSIS 1-13

1.7 LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THIS ANALYSIS 1-13

1.8 CITIZENS' GROUPS 1-15

1.8.1 Citizens’ Advisory Commissions . 1-15

1.8.2 Dialogue 1-15

1.9 REFERENCES . 1-16

2. THE PROPOSED ACTION . 2-1

2.1 PUEBLO CHEMICAL DEPOT 2-1

2.2 STOCKPILE DESCRIPTION . 2-3

2.2.1 Chemical Agents 2-3

2.2.2 Chemical Munitions . 2-4

2.2.3 Storage Configurations . 2-6

2.2.4 Continued Maintenance, Handling, and Inspection . 2-6

2.2.5 Treatment of Leaking Munitions . 2-7

2.3 GENERIC DESTRUCTION FACILITY REQUIREMENTS . 2-7

2.3.1 Site Selection and Preparation 2-7

2.3.2 Utilities, Access Roads, and Support Facilities . 2-9

2.3.3 Waste Management . 2-10

2.3.4 Period of Operations . 2-10

2.3.5 Future Use . 2-10

2.4 ON-SITE HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION 2-11

2.5 REFERENCES 2-12

3 DESCRIPTION OF ALTERNATIVES . 3-1

3.1 INTRODUCTION 3-1

3.1.1 Processes Required for Chemical Weapons Destruction . 3-2

3.1.2 Containment Structure and Facility Size 3-2

3.1.3 Technology Neutral Infrastructure Projects . 3-4

3.1.3.1 Gas Service Line 3-5

3.1.3.2 Communications Service Line . 3-5

3.1.3.3 Access Road to the Site . 3-5

3.1.3.4 Electrical Substation Power Service . 3-5

3.1.3.5 Personnel Support Facility 3-5

3.1.3.6 Personnel Support Facility Parking 3-5

3.1.3.7 Waste Transfer Area . 3-6

3.1.3.8 Warehouse Renovations 3-6

3.1.3.9 Main Gate Entrance Upgrade . 3-6

3.2 DESTRUCTION SYSTEMS 3-6

3.2.1 Baseline Incineration . 3-6

3.2.2 Modified incineration 3-8

3.2.3 Neutralization and Biotreatment System 3-9

3.2.4 Neutralization and Supercritical Water Oxidation System 3-9

3.3 PROCESS OPERATIONS 3-9

3.3.1 Removal from Storage 3-9

3.3.2 Disassembly Process . 3-10

3.3.3 Destruction Process . 3-10

3.3.3.1 Baseline incineration process . 3-10

3.3.3.2 Modified incineration process 3-11

3.3.3.3 Neutralization with biotreatment process 3-11

3.3.3.4 Neutralization with SCWO process 3-12

3.3.4 Pollution Abatement and Waste Handling Processes . 3-12

3.4 INPUTS AND OUTPUTS . 3-12

3.4.1 Resource Requirements 3-12

3.4.2 Routine Emissions and Wastes . 3-13

3.4.2.1 Incineration processes . 3-13

3.4.2.2 Neutralization processes . 3-13

3.5 NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE . 3-15

3.6 SUMMARY COMPARISON OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS . 3-15

3.7 REFERENCES 3-15

4. EXISTING CONDITIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS . 4-1

4.1 POTENTIAL SITES AND FACILITY LOCATIONS FOR CHEMICAL MUNITIONS ACTIVITIES AT

PUEBLO 4-1

4.2 LAND USE 4-3

4.2.1 Site History and Use . 4-3

4.2.2 Current and Planned On-Post Land Use 4-3

4.2.3 Current and Planned Off-Post Land Use 4-4

4.2.4 Impacts of Destruction on Land Use . 4-8

4.2.5 Impacts of No Action 4-8

4.2.6 Cumulative Impacts 4-8

4.3 WATER SUPPLY AND USE . 4-9

4.3.1 Current Water Supply and Use . 4-9

4.3.2 Destruction System Requirements 4-9

4.3.3 Impacts on Water Supply and Use 4-9

4.3.3.1 Impacts of baseline incineration 4-9

4.3.3.2 Impacts of modified incineration 4-10

4.3.3.3 Impacts of neutralization alternatives . 4-11

4.3.4 Impacts of No Action . 4-11

4.3.5 Cumulative Impacts . 4-11

4.4 ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY . 4-12

4.4.1 Current Electrical Power Supply . 4-12

4.4.2 Destruction System Requirements 4-12

4.4.3 Impacts on Electrical Power Supply 4-12

4.4.3.1 Impacts of baseline incineration . 4-12

4.4.3.2 Impacts of modified incineration 4-12

4.4.3.3 Impacts of neutralization alternatives 4-12

4.4.4 Impacts of No Action . 4-13

4.4.5 Cumulative Impacts . 4-13

4.5 NATURAL GAS SUPPLY 4-13

4.5.1 Current Natural Gas Supply 4-13

4.5.2 Destruction System Requirements 4-13

4.5.3 Impacts on Natural Gas Supply 4-14

4.5.3.1 Impacts of baseline incineration . 4-14

4.5.3.2 Impacts of modified incineration 4-14

4.5.3.3 Neutralization system requirements 4-14

4.5.4 Impacts of No Action . 4-15

4.5.5 Cumulative Impacts . 4-15

4.6 WASTE MANAGEMENT AND FACILITIES . 4-15

4.6.1 Current Waste Management and Facilities . 4-16

4.6.1.1 Hazardous wastes 4-18

4.6.1.2 Nonhazardous wastes . 4-20

4.6.2 Impacts of Construction 4-20

4.6.2.1 Impacts of constructing an incineration facility . 4-20

4.6.2.2 Impacts of constructing a neutralization facility . 4-20

4.6.3 Impacts of Operations 4-23

4.6.3.1 Mustard degradation products . 4-23

4.6.3.2 Impacts of incineration 4-23

4.6.3.3 Impacts of neutralization . 4-29

4.6.4 Impacts of No Action . 4-31

4.6.5 Cumulative Impacts . 4-31

4.7 AIR QUALITY–CRITERIA POLLUTANTS 4-31

4.7.1 Existing Meteorology, Existing Air Quality, and Emissions . 4-32

4.7.1.1 Existing meteorology . 4-32

4.7.1.2 Existing air quality . 4-34

4.7.1.3 Existing emissions 4-38

4.7.2 Criteria Pollutant Emissions 4-38

4.7.3 Impacts of Construction 4-38

4.7.4 Impacts of Operations . 4-41

4.7.4.1 Impacts of incineration alternatives 4-41

4.7.4.2 Impacts of neutralization alternatives . 4-45

4.7.5 Impacts of Process Fluctuations . 4-46

4.7.5.1 Impacts of incineration alternatives 4-46

4.7.5.2 Impacts of neutralization alternatives . 4-46

4.7.6 No Action 4-46

4.7.7 Cumulative Impacts . 4-47

4.8 AIR QUALITY–RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES 4-47

4.8.1 Existing Emissions and Air Quality 4-48

4.8.2 Hazardous and Toxic Air Pollutant Emissions 4-48