| | HISTORY OF MY EFFORT TO GET THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS TO |
| | 6,79 | | MB | CLEAN UP SPRING VALLEY, A CHEMICAL WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT |
| | 98 | | stron | AND TEST SITE IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA |
| | 3785 | | ID | DC Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs |
| | 2005 | | rok |
| | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| | Page |
| | INTRODUCTION 1 |
| | A History Of Chemical Warfare 1 |
| | University Research In W.W.I 2 |
| | Chemical Companies And Other W.W.I Facilities 2 |
| | A Primer On The Science And Concepts In Cleaning Up A Chemical Weapons Site, Like the |
| | American University Experiment Station (AUES) 3 |
| | My Involvement With Spring Valley 4 |
| | Chapter One |
| | A HISTORY OF THE SPRING VALLEY SITE 5 |
| | Chapter Two 5 |
| | MY FIRST TWO STUDIES OF THE SPRING VALLEY SITE FINAL REPORT ON THE W.W.I |
| | POISON GAS PRODUCTION AT THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY EXPERIMENT STATION 6 |
| | Chronology and site description 6 |
| | Documentation on work at site 8 |
| | Specific Structures 10 |
| | Dispersion Tests 11 |
| | Remaining Unexploded Chemical Ordnance 12 |
| | Burial Operation 13 |
| | Conclusion 15 |
| | CONCERNS OVER THE ADEQUACY OF THE REMEDIATION EFFORTS AT THESPRING VALLEY |
| | EXPERIMENT STATION 16 |
| | My Original Concerns about Remaining Contamination 16 |
| | A. Inadequate Sampling 16 |
| | B. Health Impact 18 |
| | C. Environmental Impact 18 |
| | D. Over-Reliance On Expertise of Personnel 18 |
| | Concerns about Remaining Unexploded Ordnance and Chemical Containers 19 |
| | E. Over-Reliance On Expertise 19 |
| | F. Little Available Knowledge On W.W. I Experimental Ordnance 19 |
| | G. Experience Limited Due To Uniqueness Of Site 20 |
| | H. Anomaly Review Board Protocols Excluded Laboratory Equipment Signatures 20 |
| | I. Equipment Limitations 21 |
| | J. Areas Not Searched 21 |
| | K, Community Right to Know 22 |
| | Chapter Three 22 |
| | MY INITIAL SUCCESS AS A STATE REGULATOR ON SPRING VALLEY |
| | The House Next Door 23 |
| | The Partnering Effort 23 |
| | Chapter Four 23 |
| | MYTHS AND FALSEHOODS REGARDING THE AUES |
| | 1995 No Further Action Report Problems 24 |
| | Small Laboratory Quantities of Toxic Material 25 |
| | Chapter Five 25 |
| | THE GLASS STOPPER |
| | Chapter Six 26 |
| | THE DISCOVERY OF THE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTER (CDC) AT AMERICAN UNIVERSITY |
| | |
| | Chapter Seven 27 |
| | THE CONTINUING SEARCH FOR BURIAL SITES |
| | Subsequent Report On 1921 Article In Campus Newspaper 28 |
| | Report of the burial of shells by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 32 |
| | Executive Summary 32 |
| | Introduction 33 |
| | Findings 34 |
| | Recommendations 40 |
| | Burial Pit Found by Civil War Relic Hunter 41 |
| | The Hopeless Hollows Burial Areas 42 |
| | Background 42 |
| | Historical Photographs 43 |
| | Historical Maps 43 |
| | Historical Documents 43 |
| | Previous Sampling Results 43 |
| | Previous Geophysical Results 43 |
| | Review And Evaluation 44 |
| | Lot 18 on the American University Campus 44 |
| | Aerial Photographs 44 |
| | Chapter Eight 44 |
| | FINDING THE RANGE IMPACT AREAS |
| | Westmoreland Circle Impact Area 44 |
| | Livens Projector Battery Impact Area 46 |
| | Dalecarlia Impact Area 46 |
| | Chapter Nine 47 |
| | EXPANDING THE BOUNDARY |
| | New Boundaries 48 |
| | Chapter Ten 48 |
| | NEW POINTS OF INTEREST (POIs) |
| | Background 48 |
| | Ground Scar At Junction of Trails 49 |
| | Additional Concrete Bunkers, Magazines and Explosive Chambers 49 |
| | Livens Gun Pit 50 |
| | Rows of Spots 50 |
| | Burial Sites For Leaking Shells 51 |
| | Old Mustard Field And Linear Testing Troughs 52 |
| | Linear Testing Troughs Erroneously Labeled as an Airstrip 53 |
| | Circular Testing Fields 54 |
| | Toxic Smoke Candles 54 |
| | Munitions Plants 54 |
| | 100 x 100 Foot Persistency Test Area 54 |
| | Ground Scars Far Back on University Acres (now Lot 18) 55 |
| | Debris Field at Third Glenbrook Road Property 55 |
| | Anomaly Areas Within the Dalecarlia Reservoir 55 |
| | Rockwood Six 55 |
| | Sedgwick Vicinity Ground Scars 57 |
| | 52"d Court Pit and Trenches 57 |
| | Conclusion 60 |
| | Chapter Eleven 60 |
| | THE HISTORY OF LEWISITE AND A SPEECH BY W. LEE LEWIS 11/23/1921 |
| | History Of Lewisite 60 |
| | Speech By W. Lee Lewis 61 |
| | Chapter Twelve 63 |
| | ARSENIC CONTAMINATION CLEANUP |
| | Properties Of Concern Noted In The ACOE Arsenic Grid Sampling Data 63 |
| | The Problem With Arsenic 64 |
| | Chapter Thirteen 66 |
| | SECRET SAMPLING FOR THE AUES LIST CONDUCTED BY THE CORPS |
| | Sequence of Events 66 |
| | Generic Comments 66 |
| | Specific Constituents 67 |
| | Comments on Risk 70 |
| | Comments on Implications for the Spring Valley Project 70 |
| | Chapter Fourteen 71 |
| | AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION |
| | Chapter Fifteen 72 |
| | FUTURE NECESSARY WORK AT THE SPRING VALLEY SITE |
| | Chapter Sixteen 72 |
| | CONCERTED EFFORT TO DENY THE EXISTENCE OF, OR LIABILITY FOR, ADDITIONAL |
| | BURIAL SITES |
| | Chapter Seventeen 73 |
| | REQUESTS DIRECTED TO THE CORPS: |
| | Chapter Eighteen 74 |
| | REQUESTS DIRECTED TO THE EPA |
| | Chapter Nineteen 75 |
| | ROLE OF THE STATES IN ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION OF MILITARY SITES |
| | Chapter Twenty 75 |
| | HISTORY OF PERCHLORATE USE AT AUES AND THE NEED TO SAMPLE THE |
| | GROUNDWATER TO TRY TO LOCATE BURIAL SITES |
| | Chapter Twenty-one 76 |
| | AREAS OF INTEREST I HAVE DEVELOPED |
| | Rick Woods Burial Pit 77 |
| | Dalecarlia Impact Area 77 |
| | Sedgwick Ground Scars 78 |
| | 52B<rCourt Pit And Trenches 78 |
| | Sandra Sharpe Bunker On Seminary 81 |
| | Westmoreland Circle Impact Area 81 |
| | Major Tolman's Field 83 |
| | Tenleytown Station 84 |
| | Third Circular Trench 84 |
| | Weaver Farm 85 |
| | Railroad Sidings 86 |
| | Mercury Contamination Areas 87 |
| | Antimony Contamination Areas 87 |
| | Third Pit (Hole) On Korean Ambassador's Property 88 |
| | SUMMARY OF MY WORK 89 |
| | APPENDIX I 89 |