Handbook on Environmental Economics

0,16

MB

39

stron

3827

ID

Environment Canada, Atlantic Region

2000

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS 1

1.1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.2. WHAT IS ECONOMICS? 2

1.3. OPPORTUNITY COST 2

1.4. WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS? 2

1.5. WHY DO WE DEGRADE THE ENVIRONMENT?. 3

1.6. THE MIX OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT APPROACHES 4

1.7. CONCLUSION. 7

2. VALUING THE ENVIRONMENT 8

2.1. INTRODUCTION 8

2.2. WHAT IS RESOURCE VALUATION? . 8

2.3. HOW DO YOU USE IT? 9

2.4. ENVIRONMENTAL-ECONOMIC LINKAGES 10

2.5. THE RESOURCE VALUATION FRAMEWORK. 10

2.6. THE TECHNIQUES 11

2.7. CONCLUSION. 14

3. ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS AND IMPLEMENTATION 15

3.1. PURPOSE OF THIS CHAPTER. 15

3.2. ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS 15

3.3. TYPES OF ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS. 15

3.4. WHICH ECONOMIC INSTRUMENT SHOULD I USE?. 17

3.5. FINANCING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 19

4. CASE STUDIES 21

4.1. CASE STUDY #1: NON-POINT SOURCE BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION 21

4.2. CASE STUDY #1: POINT SOURCE POLLUTION FROM MUNICIPAL WASTE

WATER/INDUSTRIAL WASTE 27

4.3. CASE STUDY #3: SEDIMENTATION. 31