| | Packaging and Labelling |
| | 0,82 | | MB |
| | 322 | | stron |
| | 3951 | | ID | Environment Australia |
| | 2002 | | rok |
| | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| | Abbreviations |
| | Glossary |
| | OVERVIEW |
| | PART A INTRODUCTION |
| | 1 Packaging and labelling in Australia 1 |
| | 1.1 Scope of the inquiry 1 |
| | 1.2 The benefits and costs of packaging and labelling 1 |
| | 1.3 The packaging and labelling industries 3 |
| | 1.4 Material inputs 5 |
| | 1.5 Innovation 10 |
| | 1.6 Users of packaging 11 |
| | 1.7 Workforce skills and training 20 |
| | PART B COMPETITION AND PERFORMANCE |
| | 2 Assessing competition and performance 25 |
| | 2.1 Competition and efficiency 25 |
| | 2.2 Glass 27 |
| | 2.3 Metal containers 32 |
| | 2.4 Paper and board packaging 39 |
| | 2.5 Plastics packaging 43 |
| | 2.6 Labelling 46 |
| | 3 International trade issues 49 |
| | 3.1 International trade in packaging 50 |
| | 3.2 Tariffs on imports 52 |
| | 3.3 Prospects for export growth 61 |
| | 3.4 Anti-dumping 65 |
| | 3.5 Trade liberalisation in foreign markets 73 |
| | 4 Enhancing competition 79 |
| | 4.1 Industry measures 79 |
| | 4.2 Controlling concentration 83 |
| | 4.3 Prices oversight 87 |
| | PART C PACKAGING WASTE MANAGEMENT |
| | 5 Packaging and waste 95 |
| | 5.1 Packaging in the waste stream 95 |
| | 5.2 The environmental benefits of packaging 98 |
| | 5.3 The environmental costs of packaging 99 |
| | 5.4 Full social cost pricing 106 |
| | 5.5 Policy mechanisms 111 |
| | 6 Recycling and reuse of packaging 131 |
| | 6.1 Attitudes to the environment and recycling 131 |
| | 6.2 Recycling 133 |
| | 6.3 Waste management policy and the use of targets 135 |
| | 6.4 Collection of post consumer packaging 138 |
| | 6.5 Reuse 149 |
| | 6.6 Costs and benefits of waste reduction and recycling targets 153 |
| | 6.7 Other regulatory approaches 160 |
| | PART D PACKAGING AND LABELLING REGULATION |
| | 7 Packaging and labelling regulation 163 |
| | 7.1 Design and responsiveness of regulation 164 |
| | 7.2 Performance based regulation 166 |
| | 7.3 Labelling regulation 171 |
| | 7.4 Labelling standards, enforcement and international trade 190 |
| | 7.5 Regulatory institutions 193 |
| | APPENDICES |
| | A Terms of reference |
| | B Inquiry procedures |
| | C International trade statistics |
| | D Tariff provisions |
| | E Waste management policies in Australia and other countries |
| | F Packaging and labelling regulation |
| | G Regulatory co-operation |
| | References |