Description of Long-term Management Options for Radioactive

0,51

MB

Waste Investigated Internationally

42

stron

4256

ID

Nuclear Decommissioning Authority

2002

rok

LIST OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Purpose, scope and sources 1

1.2 Outline of the report 2

2. BACKGROUND 3

2.1 Radioactive Waste Management in the UK 3

2.2 The types of Radioactive Waste, their conditioning and packaging 4

3. WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 6

3.1 Segregation 6

3.2 Partitioning and Transmutation 7

3.3 Reprocessing and Substitution 8

4. INTERIM WASTE STORAGE 9

4.1 Interim Storage Above Ground 9

4.2 Interim Storage Underground 9

5. LONG-TERM WASTE MANAGEMENT OPTIONS 11

5.1 Long-term Above Ground Storage 12

5.2 Near-surface Disposal 13

5.3 Deep Geological Disposal 14

5.4 Deep Boreholes 16

5.5 Rock-melting 17

5.6 Direct Injection 19

5.7 Disposal at Sea 21

5.8 Sub Seabed Disposal 22

5.9 Disposal at Subduction Zones 24

5.10 Disposal in Ice Sheets 26

5.11 Disposal in Outer Space 27

6. CONCLUDING REMARKS 29

7. REFERENCES 30