| | Converging Technologies for Improving Human Performance |
| | 3,57 | | MB |
| | 424 | | stron |
| | 4320 | | ID | National Science Foundation |
| | 2003 | | rok |
| | Table of Contents |
| | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ix |
| | OVERVIEW 1 |
| | 1. Background 1 |
| | 2. Timely and Broad Opportunity 2 |
| | 3. Vision for Enhancing Human Abilities and Societal Performance 4 |
| | 4. Strategies for Transformation 7 |
| | 5. Towards Unifying Science and Converging Technology 9 |
| | 6. Major Themes 12 |
| | 7. Future Prospects. 14 |
| | 8. Recommendations 20 |
| | GENERAL STATEMENTS AND VISIONARY PROJECTS 25 |
| | A. MOTIVATION AND OUTLOOK 25 |
| | Theme A Summary |
| | Statements |
| | National Strategy towards Converging Science and Technology (C.H. Huettner) 27 |
| | Converging Technologies and Competitiveness (P. Bond) 28 |
| | Vision for the Converging Technologies (N. Gingrich) . 31 |
| | Zone of Convergence Between Bio/Info/Nano Technologies: NASA’s Nanotechnology Initiative (S. |
| | Venneri, M. Hirschbein, M. Dastoor) 48 |
| | Biomedicine Eyes 2020 (J. Watson). 51 |
| | Balancing Opportunities and Investments for NBIC (R.S. Williams, P. Kuekes) 58 |
| | The Impact of Convergent Technologies and the Future of Business and the Economy (J. Canton,). |
| | 61 |
| | Coherence and Divergence of Megatrends in Science and Engineering (M.C. Roco). 69 |
| | iv Contents |
| | B. EXPANDING HUMAN COGNITION AND COMMUNICATION 85 |
| | Theme B Summary 85 |
| | Statements |
| | NBICS (Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno-Socio) Convergence to Improve Human Performance: Opportunities |
| | and Challenges (J. Spohrer). 89 |
| | Sensor System Engineering Insights on Improving Human Cognition and Communication (B.M. |
| | Pierce) . 102 |
| | Can Nanotechnology Dramatically Affect the Architecture of Future Communications Networks? |
| | (C.A. Murray) 104 |
| | Spatial Cognition and Converging Technologies (R. Golledge) 106 |
| | Visual Language and Converging Technologies in the Next 10-15 Years (and Beyond) (R.E. Horn) |
| | 124 |
| | Sociable Technologies: Enhancing Human Performance when the computer is not a tool but a |
| | companion (S. Turkle) 133 |
| | Visionary Projects |
| | Socio-tech…the Predictive Science of Societal Behavior (G. Yonas, J. Glicken Turnley). 140 |
| | Breaking the Limits on Design Complexity (J. Pollack) 143 |
| | Enhancing Personal Area Sensory and Social Communication Through Converging Technologies (R. |
| | Burger) . 146 |
| | The Consequences of Fully Understanding the Brain (W. Robinett) . 148 |
| | User-Interface Olympics: Using Competition to Drive Innovation (W. Robinett). 151 |
| | Accelerating Convergence of Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, & Information Technology (L.T. |
| | Wilson). 154 |
| | C. IMPROVING HUMAN HEALTH AND PHYSICAL CAPABILITIES 159 |
| | Theme C Summary |
| | Statements |
| | Nanobiotechnology and Life Extension (P. Connolly). 162 |
| | The Nano-Bio Connection and Its Implication for Human Performance (M. Heller) 169 |
| | Gene Therapy: Reinventing the Wheel or Useful Adjunct to Existing Paradigms? (J. Bonadio) 171 |
| | Implications of the Continuum of Bioinformatics (P.C. Johnson) 183 |
| | Sensory replacement and sensory substitution: Overview and prospects for the future (J.M. |
| | Loomis) . 189 |
| | Vision Statement: Interacting Brain (B. Chance, K.A. Kang) 199 |
| | Focusing the possibilities of Nanotechnology for Cognitive Evolution and Human Performance (E. |
| | Garcia-Rill) 201 |
| | Science and Technology and the Triple D (Disease, Disability, Defect) (G. Wolbring) 206 |
| | Visionary Projects |
| | Brain-Machine Interface via a Neurovascular Approach (R. Llinás, V. Makarov) 216 |
| | Human-Machine Interaction: Potential Impact of Nanotechology in the Design of Neuroprosthetic |
| | Devices Aimed at Restoring or Augmenting Human Performance (M. Nicolelis) . 223 |
| | Nanotechnology: The Merging of Diagnostics and Treatment (A.P. Lee). 226 |
| | Artificial Brains and Natural Intelligence (L. Cauller, A Penz) . 227 |
| | Converging Technologies for Physiological Self-regulation (A.T. Pope, O. Palsson). 231 |
| | Improving Quality of Life of Disabled People using Converging Technologies (G. Wolbring, R. |
| | Golledge) 240 |
| | D. ENHANCING GROUP AND SOCIETAL OUTCOMES 243 |
| | Theme D Summary |
| | Statements |
| | Cognition, Social Interaction, Communication and Convergent Technologies (P. Rubin) . 245 |
| | Engineering the Science of Cognition to Enhance Human Performance (W.A. Wallace) 248 |
| | Engineering of Mind for Enhancing Human Productivity (J.S. Albus) 249 |
| | Making Sense of the World: Convergent Technologies for Environmental Science (J. Banfield) 260 |
| | Visionary Projects |
| | The Communicator: Enhancement of Group Communication, Efficiency and Creativity (P. Rubin, |
| | M. Hirschbein, T. Masciangioli, T. Miller, C. Murray, R. Norwood, J. Sargent). 265 |
| | Enhanced Knowledge-Based Human Organization and Social Change (K. Carley) . 270 |
| | A Vision for the Aircraft of the 21st Century (S. Venneri, M. Hirschbein, M. Dastoor). 275 |
| | Memetics: A Potential New Science (G. Strong, W.S. Bainbridge). 279 |
| | E. NATIONAL SECURITY 287 |
| | Theme E Summary |
| | Statements |
| | Cognitive Readiness: An Important Research Focus for National Security (D.M. Etter) 289 |
| | DARPA’s Programs in Enhancing Human Performance (M. Goldblatt) . 297 |
| | NBIC for Homeland Defense: Chemical/Biological/Radiological/Explosive (CBRE) |
| | Detection/Protection (J. Murday). 301 |
| | Future Roles for Science and Technology in Counterterrorism (T. Fainberg) . 303 |
| | Nanotechnology and the Department of Defense (C. Lau). 308 |
| | Advanced Military Education and Training (J. Murday) 309 |
| | Visionary Projects |
| | High-performance Warfighter (J. Murday). 311 |
| | Non-Drug Treatments for Enhancement of Human Performance (R. Asher). 313 |
| | Brain-Machine Interface (R. Asher) . 315 |
| | Nano-Bio-Info-Cogno as Enabling Technology for Uninhabited Combat Vehicles (C. Lau) 317 |
| | Data Linkage and Threat Anticipation Tool (T. Fainberg) . 318 |
| | F. UNIFYING SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. 321 |
| | Theme F Summary |
| | Statements |
| | Combining the Social and the Nanotech: A Model for Converging Technologies (M.E. Gorman) . 325 |
| | |
| | Breadth, Depth and Academic Nano-Niches (W. Tolles). 330 |
| | Unifying Principles in Complex Systems (Y. Bar-Yam) 335 |
| | Mind Over Matter in an Era of Convergent Technologies (D.L. Akins) 361 |
| | Converging Technology and Education for Improving Human Performance (A.H. Cohen) 363 |
| | Visionary Projects |
| | Converging Technologies: A K-12 Education Vision (J.G. Batterson, A.T. Pope) 367 |
| | Expanding the Trading Zones for Convergent Technologies (M. Gorman). 374 |
| | Biological Language Modeling: Convergence of computational linguistics and biological chemistry (J. |
| | Klein-Seetharaman, R. Reddy) 378 |
| | APPENDICES |
| | A. List of Participants and Contributors . 387 |
| | B. Index of Authors 392 |
| | C. Index of Topics 404 |