Environmental Regulation and the OTD process

0,25

MB

42

stron

4376

ID

University of Bath

2000

rok

CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . 5

1.0 INTRODUCTION 7

1.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AS AN INHIBITOR TO INNOVATION . 7

1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND THE 3DAYCAR. 9

1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION. THE PERSPECTIVE OF OTHER COUNTRIES. 11

2.0 THE RESEARCH QUESTION . 12

2.1 THE RESEARCH STRUCTURE . 12

2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW AND INTERVIEW SURVEY 12

3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AFFECTING THE AUTOMOTIVE SECTOR . 13

3.1 EMISSIONS TO AIR AND WATER . 13

3.2 WASTE AND RECYCLING 13

3.3 GREENHOUSE EMISSIONS – GLOBAL WARMING 14

3.4 TRANSPORT . 14

3.5 PLANNING. 14

4.0 THE IMPACTS OF THE LEGISLATION ON PRODUCING AND DISTRIBUTING

CARS IN THE UK 16

4.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE 3 MAIN STAGES . 16

4.2 IMPACTS ON SUPPLIERS AND OTHER UPSTREAM ACTIVITY 17

4.2.1 Costs . 17

4.2.2 Transportation . 17

4.2.3 Manufacturing . 18

4.2.4 Conclusions. 20

4.3 MANUFACTURING AND ASSEMBLING THE NEW CAR 21

4.3.1 Costs . 21

4.3.2 Inbound logistics 23

4.3.3 Production . 23

4.3.4 Paintshop . 24

4.3.5 Outbound logistics . 25

4.4 THE IMPACTS ON DISTRIBUTION ACTIVITY. 27

4.4.1 Costs . 27

4.4.2 Transportation . 28

4.4.3 Storage and handling. 29

4.4.4 Conclusions. 30

4.5 THE LABOUR RELATIONS FACTOR 31

5.0 CONCLUSIONS. 32

5.1 THE KEY IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ON A 3DAYCAR. 32

5.2 3DAYCAR DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY FRAMEWORK. 32

REFERENCES 34

APPENDIX I – CURRENT AND FUTURE LEGISLATION. 38

APPENDIX III - INTERVIEWEES 41

APPENDIX V – UK MOTOR VEHICLE SECTOR (SIC 34) ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS. 42