WFD Priority substances in sediments from Stockholm and the

1,69
MB Svealand coastal region

85
stron

4418
ID IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd.

2003
rok

Table of contents

Summary.3

Sammanfattning.4

1 Background - Water Framework Directive and the Priority Substances 6

2 The study area 10

3 Methods14

3.1 Sampling 14

3.2 Chemical analysis 14

3.3 Statistics and graphical presentation 16

4 Results 19

4.1 Metals 19

4.2 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). 25

4.3 Chlorobenzenes . 26

4.4 Benzene and chlorinated solvents 28

4.5 Pesticides . 28

4.6 Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) 33

4.7 Alkylphenols 34

4.8 Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and TBBPA 37

4.9 C10-13 Chlorinated alkanes (SCCA) . 40

4.10 Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD). 41

4.11 Tributyltin (TBT). 42

4.12 Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) 43

4.13 Non-WFD Pesticides . 45

4.14 Sewage sludge 46

5 Discussion 48

5.1 General observations . 48

5.2 Geographical trends. 49

5.2.1 Central Stockholm 50

5.2.2 Lakes. 50

5.2.3 Coastal region. 51

5.3 Changes since 1997? . 52

5.4 Are the levels in sediments representative for the substances flow in the aquatic environment?

54

5.5 Risk for biological effects 57

5.5.1 Organic substances . 57

5.5.2 Metals . 61

6 Conclusions 63

7 Acknowledgements 64

8 References 64

Appendix analytical data ..69