Nuclear fuel particles in the environment - characteristics,

0,95

MB

atmospheric transport and skin doses.

63

stron

4432

ID

Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority

2002

rok

CONTENTS

SUMMARY 3

YHTEENVETO 5

CONTENTS 7

ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS 8

1 INTRODUCTION 10

2 NUCLEAR FUEL PARTICLES IN THE ENVIRONMENT 13

2.1 Formation and release of particles from nuclear fuel 15

2.2 Nuclear fuel particles from the Chernobyl accident 16

3 CHARACTERISATION OF RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES 20

3.1 Sampling, identification, and isolation 21

3.2 Analysis methods 23

3.3 Calculation of particle characteristics 25

4 ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT 29

5 CALCULATION OF SKIN DOSES 33

5.1 Ionising radiation and skin 33

5.2 Dosimetric quantities and skin dose limits 36

5.3 Method of skin dose calculation 38

5.4 Skin doses from nuclear fuel particles 40

5.5 Skin doses from selected nuclear fuel particles released in the Chernobyl accident 47

6 SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 50

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 54

REFERENCES 55