Recovery from a Chemical Weapons Accident or Incident: A

0,42

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Concept Paper on Planning

124

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4582

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U.S. Department of Energy

2002

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD . vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .viii

NOTATION ix

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY

1 INTRODUCTION3

2 BACKGROUND.5

2.1 Overview of Disposal of the U.S. Chemical Weapons Stockpile 5

2.2 Chemical Stockpile Emergency Preparedness Program .6

2.3 Importance of Recovery Planning to Emergency Response 7

2.4 Relevant Planning and Experience with Other Chemical Hazards 8

2.4.1 General Planning for Accidents Involving Hazardous Chemicals .8

2.4.2 Specific Experience with Organophosphorus Pesticides .9

3 MAKING THE TRANSITION FROM THE INITIAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE TO LATER STAGES

OF CHEMICAL AGENT ACCIDENTS 13

3.1 Transition from Earlier to Later Stages of an Accident . 13

3.2 Behavior of Chemical Agents during the Later Phases of Accidents 13

3.3 Implications for Decision Making in Reentry Planning 14

4 LEGAL ASPECTS OF CHEMICAL STOCKPILE EMERGENCY PLANNING PROGRAM

RECOVERY, REENTRY, AND RESTORATION 15

4.1 CERCLA Response Procedures and Requirements 15

4.1.1 Types of Response Action: Removal and Remedial Action 16

4.1.2 Army Organizational Responsibilities in Removal and Remedial Actions 18

4.1.3 Transition from Removal Action to Remedial Action . 18

4.1.4 Overview of Remedial Action Process 19

4.1.5 Substantive Remediation Standards 19

4.1.6 Procedural Requirements in Removal and Remedial Actions 23

4.1.7 Natural Resource Damage Claims 28

4.2 RCRA Application and Requirements . 31

4.3 NEPA Application and Requirements . 33

4.4 Claims for Compensation and Relief . 34