A Survey of Biological and Biochemical Weapons Related

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Research Activities in France

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Sunshine Project USA

2004

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1. SUMMARY . 4

1.1.1. Incomplete and inconsistent information on the French biodefense program 4

1.1.2. Indications for an illicit R & D program on ‘non-lethal’ chemical weapons . 5

2. BIODEFENSE ACTIVITIES IN FRANCE. 6

2.1. CENTRE D’ETUDES DU BOUCHET (CEB). 7

2.2. CENTRE DE RECHERCHES DU SERVICE DE SANTE DES ARMEES (CRSSA) 11

2.3. HOPITAL D'INSTRUCTION DES ARMEES BEGIN (HIA BEGIN). 13

2.4. INSTITUT DE MEDECINE TROPICALE DU SERVICE DE SANTE DES ARMEES (IMTSSA) 14

2.5. BIODEFENSE CONTRACTORS. 14

2.5.1. Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA) 15

2.5.2. Institut Pasteur, Paris . 15

2.5.3. Université Paris Sud . 16

2.5.4. Institut Gustave Roussy and Etablissement Francais du Sang-Alsace . 16

2.5.5. Centre National d'Etudes Vétérinaires et Alimentaires (CNEVA) 16

2.5.6. Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris. 16

2.5.7. Université de la Méditerranée, Faculty of Medicine 17

2.5.8. Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille 17

2.6. SPECIAL ASPECTS OF FRENCH BIODEFENSE R & D . 17

2.6.1. Aerosol research 17

2.6.2. Genetic engineering – toxin production 18

2.6.3. Animal toxin research in France 19

2.6.4. Influenza research. 20

3. A SHORT OVERVIEW OF FRENCH BIOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES 22

3.1.1. Production . 22

3.1.2. Development . 22

3.1.3. Research 23

4. FRENCH ‘NON-LETHAL’ CHEMICAL WEAPONS 26

4.1. DELIVERY DEVICES 27

4.2. FRENCH MILITARY RESEARCH ON INCAPACITATING AGENTS 29

5. FRENCH CONFIDENCE BUILDING MEASURES AND TRANSPARENCY 33

5.1.1. BWC ratification 33

5.1.2. Confidence building measures – a culture of non-compliance . 33

6. GLOSSARY OF FRENCH NAMES 35

GOVERNMENT UNDERTAKING ON BIODEFENSE PROGRAMS 36