The Use of Nuclear and Isotopic Applications to Address

0,24

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Specific Coastal Zone Management Problems

67

stron

4674

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International Atomic Energy Agency

2005

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4

1.0 DEVELOPMENT NEED 7

1.1 PROBLEM CHALLENGES. 7

1.2 RATIONALE FOR THEMATIC PLANNING. 7

2.0 SETTING THE CONTEXT FOR CZM 8

2.1 ISSUES 8

2.2 GENERAL TRENDS. 11

2.3 CURRENT RESPONSES (PROGRAMMES, INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS ETC.) 11

2.4 LEGAL & REGULATORY FRAMEWORK. 14

2.4.1 GENERAL . 14

2.4.2 HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS (HABS) 14

2.4.3 OTHER COASTAL ZONE PROBLEMS 15

3.0 STRATEGIC ROLE OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY. 16

3.1 HABS-RELATED DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS. 16

3.1.1 PARALYTIC SHELLFISH POISONING 16

3.1.2 A ROLE FOR NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY IN PSP MONITORING AND FOOD SAFETY . 17

3.2 OTHER CZM ISSUES 18

3.2.1 PUBLIC HEALTH: RADIO-ISOTOPE METHODS FOR STUDYING CONTAMINANT

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY . 19

3.2.2 ECOSYSTEM HEALTH . 21

3.2.4 NON-LIVING RESOURCES 25

3.2.5 HAZARDS . 29

4.0 ROLE OF IAEA 30

4.1 THE IAEA COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES 30

4.2 LIMITATIONS, CONSTRAINTS AND RISKS FOR THE IAEA. 31

4.3 PARTNERSHIPS. 32

4.3.1 UN AGENCIES AND ICZM 32

4.3.2 BILATERAL AND REGIONAL PARTNERS 34

4.3.3 NATIONAL LEVEL. 34

4.3.4 NGOS 34

5.0 PROGRAMME STRATEGY 35

5.1 PRIORITIES AND OBJECTIVES 35

5.2 TIME FRAME FOR THE 2003-04 TC PROGRAMME. 35

5.3 PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK: PILOT ACTIVITIES, FEASIBILITY, ENABLING

ENVIRONMENT, AND ASSESSMENTS. 36

5.4 PROGRAMME STRATEGY FOR HABS 37

5.4.1 AN OUTSTANDING OPPORTUNITY FOR TRANSFER OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY 37

5.4.2 HAB PROGRAMME COMPONENTS: IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY . 38

5.4.3 RATIONALE 39

5.4.4 PROJECT FRAMEWORK AND DESIGN. 39

5.4.5 NECESSARY INFRASTRUCTURE AND CAPABILITIES 40

5.4.6 POTENTIAL PILOT ACTIVITIES . 41

5.4.7 ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR TRANSFERRING THE RBA TECHNOLOGY 42

5.4.8 INTER-LABORATORY VALIDATION TRIAL TO OBTAIN AOAC CERTIFICATION OF THE

RBA METHOD FOR PSP TOXINS. 42

5.4.9 RELIABLE AND SUSTAINED SUPPLY OF SAXITOXIN STANDARD AND RADIO-LABELED

SAXITOXIN (OR ITS ANALOGUES) . 43

5.4.10 ROBUST RBA ASSAY KITS FOR USE IN REMOTE LOCATIONS . 45

5.4.11 FUTURE PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT CONSIDERATIONS . 49

5.4.12 FURTHER ASSESSMENTS . 49

5.4.13 PARTNERSHIPS . 49

5.4.14 STAFFING AND RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS 50

5.5 OTHER COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS 50

5.6 PROGRAMME COMPONENT: FEASIBILITY/ PILOT ACTIVITIES WITH REGIONAL CZM

PROGRAMMES. 52

5.7 SELECTION CRITERIA FOR FEASIBILITY/PILOT STUDIES 52

5.8 PROPOSED FEASIBILITY STUDIES . 53

5.8.1 SUSTAINABILITY OF LIVING MARINE RESOURCES: BENGUELA CURRENT LARGE

MARINE ECOSYSTEM 53

5.8.2 MANAGING AND SUSTAINING MARICULTURE ACTIVITIES: THE EAST ASIA SEAS

PROGRAMME 55

5.8.3 EUTROPHICATION AND CONTAMINATION IN THE COASTAL REGIONS OF CENTRAL

AMERICA 55

5.4.18 FURTHER RESEARCH 57

5.4.19 RESOURCE NEEDS 57

5.4.20 PARTNERSHIPS: MAKING THE LINK BETWEEN TC AND ICZM EFFORTS . 57

6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS. 58

6.1. HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS 58

6.2. IMMEDIATE FOLLOW-UP AND MEDIUM TERM STEPS (2002-2004) . 58

6.2.1. PILOT ACTIVITIES/FEASIBILITY/ ASSESSMENTS 58

6.2.2. ENHANCING THE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT 58

6.2.3. PARTNERSHIPS AND OUTREACH 59

ANNEX 1: LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 3

ANNEX 2: COMPONENTS OF A TYPICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY