| | The World Health Report 2005: Make every mother and child |
| | 5,38 | | MB | count |
| | 243 | | stron |
| | 4806 | | ID | World Health Organization |
| | 2005 | | rok |
| | contents |
| | Message from the Director-General xi |
| | Overview xiii |
| | Patchy progress and widening gaps – what went wrong? xiv |
| | Making the right technical and strategic choices xiv |
| | Moving towards universal coverage: access for all, |
| | with financial protection xvi |
| | Chapter summaries xix |
| | Chapter 1 |
| | Mothers and children matter – so does their health 1 |
| | The early years of maternal and child health 2 |
| | Where we are now: a moral and political imperative 3 |
| | Mothers, children and the Millennium Development Goals 7 |
| | Uneven gains in child health 8 |
| | The newborn deaths that went unnoticed 9 |
| | Few signs of improvement in maternal health 10 |
| | A patchwork of progress, stagnation and reversal 12 |
| | The numbers remain high 13 |
| | Chapter 2 |
| | Obstacles to progress: context or policy? 21 |
| | Context matters 22 |
| | Poverty undermines progress 22 |
| | The direct and indirect effects of HIV/AIDS 23 |
| | Conflicts and emergencies set systems back 24 |
| | The many faces of exclusion from care 25 |
| | Sources of exclusion 26 |
| | Patterns of exclusion 29 |
| | Different exclusion patterns, different challenges 30 |
| | Are districts the right strategy for moving towards universal coverage? 32 |
| | A strategy without resources 32 |
| | Have districts failed the test? 33 |
| | Chapter 3 |
| | Great expectations: making pregnancy safer 41 |
| | Realizing the potential of antenatal care 42 |
| | Meeting expectations in pregnancy 42 |
| | Pregnancy – a time with its own dangers 44 |
| | Seizing the opportunities 46 |
| | Critical directions for the future 47 |
| | Not every pregnancy is welcome 48 |
| | Planning pregnancies before they even happen 48 |
| | Unsafe abortion: a major public health problem 50 |
| | Dealing with the complications of abortion 51 |
| | Valuing pregnancy: a matter of legal protection 52 |
| | Chapter 4 |
| | Attending to 136 million births, every year 61 |
| | Risking death to give life 61 |
| | Skilled professional care: at birth and afterwards 65 |
| | Successes and reversals: a matter of building health systems 65 |
| | Skilled care: rethinking the division of labour 68 |
| | Care that is close to women – and safe 69 |
| | A back-up in case of complications 72 |
| | Rolling out services simultaneously 73 |
| | Postpartum care is just as important 73 |
| | Chapter 5 |
| | Newborns: no longer going unnoticed 79 |
| | The greatest risks to life are in its beginning 79 |
| | Progress and some reversals 82 |
| | No longer falling between the cracks 85 |
| | Care during pregnancy 86 |
| | Professional care at birth 86 |
| | Caring for the baby at home 88 |
| | Ensuring continuity of care 89 |
| | Planning for universal access 90 |
| | Benchmarks for supply-side needs 90 |
| | Room for optimism, reasons for caution 91 |
| | Closing the human resource and infrastructure gap 93 |
| | Scenarios for scaling up 93 |
| | Costing the scale up 98 |
| | Chapter 6 |
| | Redesigning child care: |
| | survival, growth and development 103 |
| | Improving the chances of survival 103 |
| | The ambitions of the primary health care movement 103 |
| | The successes of vertical programmes 103 |
| | Time for a change of strategy 105 |
| | Combining a wider range of interventions 105 |
| | Dealing with children, not just with diseases 107 |
| | Organizing integrated child care 108 |
| | The World Health Report 2005 |
| | Households and health workers 109 |
| | Referring sick children 111 |
| | Bringing care closer to children 112 |
| | Rolling out child health interventions 112 |
| | The cost of scaling up coverage 115 |
| | From cost projections to scaling up 117 |
| | Chapter 7 |
| | Reconciling maternal, newborn and child health |
| | with health system development 125 |
| | Repositioning MNCH 125 |
| | Different constituencies, different languages 128 |
| | Sustaining political momentum 130 |
| | Rehabilitating the workforce 132 |
| | Not just a question of numbers 132 |
| | Recovering from the legacy of past neglect 134 |
| | Destabilization with the best of intentions 136 |
| | Tackling the salary problem 136 |
| | Financial protection to ensure universal access 137 |
| | Replacing user fees by prepayment, pooling and a refinancing of the sector 138 |
| | Making the most of transitory financial protection mechanisms 139 |
| | Generalizing financial protection 140 |
| | Channelling funds effectively 140 |
| | Statistical annex 149 |
| | Explanatory notes 149 |