The Conservation of Whales in the 21st Century

1,73
MB

32
stron

4814
ID National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research

2004
rok

CONTENTS:

Summary 5

Whales 7

Whale diversity in New Zealand waters 7

The intrinsic value of whales 8

Whale numbers – an uncertain science 10

Whaling and New Zealand 12

The indigenous relationship with whales in New Zealand 12

The legacy of unsustainable commercial whaling 13

New Zealand’s participation in commercial whaling 15

Conserving whales: a challenge for the 21st century 16

New Zealand’s policy on whales 16

The moratorium on commercial whaling and the need for a 17

precautionary approach

The failure of compliance, enforcement and dispute resolution 18

Humane killing 18

Whaling outside the moratorium 19

Whale sanctuaries 20

Scientific whaling 21

Aboriginal subsistence whaling 22

Entanglement in fishing gear and bycatch 23

Climate change, ozone depletion, marine pollution 23

Ship strikes, ship noise pollution 24

Fisheries depletion 25

Whale watching as an example of non-consumptive sustainable use 26

The international architecture for the conservation of whales 28

Contradictions in the ICRW 28

The integrity of the IWC machinery 28

Synergies with other conventions 29

Conclusion 30

Bibliography 31