BIOINDICATORS AS A MEASURE OF SUCCESS FOR VIRTUAL

5,44
MB ELIMINATION OF PERSISTENT TOXIC SUBITANCES

45
stron

4869
ID Canadian Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Research Centre

2003
rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

Background

Theory

The Need for Indicators

BIOINDICATORS

SELECTION CRITERIA

Specificity (Sensitivity) to Persistent Toxic Substances

Placement in Appropriate Scales

Ease and Cost of Measurement

Social Relevance/Public Perception

CAUSE-EFFECT ASSOCIATIONS

BIOINDICATORS: BIOCHEMICAL AND Biochemical Markers

Biological Effects

Indicator olr Sentinel Species

BIOLOGICAL MEASURES OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Components of a Virtual Elimination Biornonitoring Program

Data and Program Needs

Research Needs

REFERENCES 29

DEFINITIONS AND GLOSSARY 34

WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS 35

REVIEWERS OF DRAFT REPORT DISTRIBUTED SEPTEMBER 1992 37