Global Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms

1,89

MB

97

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4925

ID

Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO

2005

rok

PREFACE i

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . iii

INTRODUCTION: The Global Problem of Harmful Algal Blooms . 1

The Nature of HABs 1

Consequences of HABs . 2

The Apparent Global Increase of HABs 6

AN INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON GEOHAB 8

Emergence of the GEOHAB Programme 8

The GEOHAB Mission 9

The GEOHAB Goal . 9

The GEOHAB Strategy: A Comparative Approach 9

Organisation and Priorities of the GEOHAB Programme . 13

Links Between GEOHAB and Other International Activities 14

The Benefits of GEOHAB . 15

PROGRAMME ELEMENT 1: BIODIVERSITY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY . 16

Introduction. 16

Overall Objective . 18

The Strategy . 18

Specific Objective 1 . 18

Specific Objective 2 . 22

Specific Objective 3 . 24

Outputs 25

PROGRAMME ELEMENT 2: NUTRIENTS AND EUTROPHICATION 26

Introduction. 26

Overall Objective . 28

The Strategy . 28

Specific Objective 1 . 29

Specific Objective 2 . 31

Specific Objective 3 . 33

Specific Objective 4 . 34

Outputs 35

PROGRAMME ELEMENT 3: ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES. 36

Introduction. 36

Overall Objective . 37

The Strategy . 37

Specific Objective 1 . 37

Specific Objective 2 . 40

Specific Objective 3 . 42

Specific Objective 4 . 44

Outputs 45

PROGRAMME ELEMENT 4: COMPARATIVE ECOSYSTEMS 46

Introduction. 46

Overall Objective . 46

The Strategy . 46

Specific Objective 1 . 49

Specific Objective 2 . 50

Specific Objective 3 . 53

Specific Objective 4 . 55

Outputs 56

PROGRAMME ELEMENT 5: OBSERVATION, MODELLING, AND PREDICTION . 58

Introduction. 58

Overall Objective . 58

The Strategy . 58

Specific Objective 1 . 59

Specific Objective 2 . 62

Specific Objective 3 . 64

Specific Objective 4 . 65

Specific Objective 5 . 66

Outputs 67

LINKAGES AMONG PROGRAMME ELEMENTS . 68

REFERENCES 70

GEOHAB SCIENTIFIC STEERING COMMITTEE . 84