An Ethanol Production Guidebook for Northeast States

0,41

MB

77

stron

5204

ID

Coalition of Northeastern Governors, Policy Research Center, Inc.

2001

rok

Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY1

1.0 INTRODUCTION4

PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDEBOOK .4

GUIDEBOOK COMPONENTS 5

2.0 ETHANOL POTENTIAL IN THE NORTHEAST UNITED STATES 7

ETHANOL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW7

AVAILABILITY OF FEEDSTOCK IN THE NORTHEAST 8

Starch and Sugar-Based Feedstock9

Cellulosic Feedstock.9

NEAR-TERM AND MID-TERM ETHANOL PRODUCTION OPPORTUNITIES IN THE NORTHEAST

.11

Regional Opportunity 11

3.0 ETHANOL MARKETS IN THE NORTHEAST.13

4.0 ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF USING ETHANOL.16

ECONOMIC IMPACTS.16

Job Creation 16

Increased Tax Revenue and Tax Base Diversity .17

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS17

Air Quality .17

Greenhouse Gas Emissions .18

Water Quality.18

FOREIGN OIL DEPENDENCE .19

Energy Independence 19

Net Energy Balance.19

5.0 ETHANOL PRODUCTION PROCESSES21

STARCH AND SUGAR-BASED ETHANOL21

Dry Mill Process .22

Wet Mill Process .22

CELLULOSIC ETHANOL 23

PREPARING A STARCH-BASED ETHANOL PLANT FOR CELLULOSIC ETHANOL

PRODUCTION24

6.0 IMPORTANT ISSUES FOR NORTHEAST STATES26

PLANT SIZE, TYPE, AND FEEDSTOCK REQUIREMENTS26

Opportunistic Starch and Sugar-Based Ethanol Facilities26

Cellulosic-Based Ethanol Facilities .27

Grain-Based Ethanol Facilities .29

FACILITY SITING / ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITTING ISSUES29

General Siting Issues.29

Environmental Siting and Permitting Issues.30

ETHANOL PROJECT CO-LOCATION AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES31

ETHANOL CO-PRODUCTS.32

Cellulosic Ethanol Plants 33

Grain Ethanol Plants.33

ETHANOL PROJECT FINANCING OPTIONS AND COSTS.34

FUNDING SOURCES FOR ETHANOL PROJECTS .36

POLICY CONSIDERATIONS.37

PUBLIC RELATIONS CHALLENGES38

7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS40

8.0 APPENDICES