TREATMENT OF BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENT CASUALTIES

1,52

MB

115

stron

5208

ID

Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, NAVY DEPARTMENT

2002

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE . vii

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

1-1. The Threat of Biological Warfare Agents Against United States Forces and Civilian Populations

1-1

1-2. Modes of Delivery 1-1

1-3. Employment of Biological Warfare Agents 1-2

1-4. Classification of Biological Warfare Agents . 1-3

1-5. Portals of Entry . 1-3

1-6. Environmental Detection 1-4

1-7. Diagnosis . 1-5

1-8. Specimen Collection 1-6

1-9. Specimen Labeling 1-9

1-10. Specimen Handling and Shipment . 1-10

1-11. Chain of Custody Responsibilities . 1-10

1-12. Identification Methods for Biological Warfare Agents . 1-11

1-13. Therapy . 1-12

1-14. Case Reporting and Epidemiological Assessment . 1-12

1-15. Prevention 1-12

1-16. Protective Equipment. 1-13

1-17. First Aid 1-14

1-18. Protective Measures and Handling of Casualties 1-14

1-19. Patient Decontamination . 1-15

1-20. Infection Control 1-16

1-21. Medical Evacuation . 1-16

1-22. Aeromedical Isolation Team 1-18

1-23. Investigational New Drugs and Off-Label Indications 1-18

CHAPTER 2. BACTERIAL AGENTS

Section I. Introduction . 2-1

2-1. General . 2-1

Section II. Anthrax 2-1

2-2. General . 2-1

2-3. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-2

2-4. Environmental Detection 2-2

2-5. Prevention 2-2

2-6. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-3

2-7. Diagnosis . 2-3

2-8. Treatment 2-4

2-9. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-4

2-10. Medical Evacuation . 2-4

Section III. Brucellosis . 2-5

2-11. General . 2-5

2-12. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-6

2-13. Environmental Detection 2-6

2-14. Prevention 2-6

2-15. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-7

2-16. Diagnosis . 2-7

2-17. Treatment 2-7

2-18. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-8

2-19. Medical Evacuation . 2-8

Section IV. Melioidosis . 2-8

2-20. General . 2-8

2-21. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-9

2-22. Environmental Detection 2-9

2-23. Prevention 2-9

2-24. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-9

2-25. Diagnosis . 2-9

2-26. Treatment 2-10

2-27. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-11

2-28. Medical Evacuation . 2-11

Section V. Glanders . 2-11

2-29. General . 2-11

2-30. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-11

2-31. Environmental Detection 2-11

2-32. Prevention 2-11

2-33. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-12

2-34. Diagnosis . 2-12

2-35. Treatment 2-12

2-36. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-13

2-37. Medical Evacuation . 2-13

Section VI. Plague 2-13

2-38. General . 2-13

2-39. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-14

2-40. Environmental Detection 2-14

2-41. Prevention 2-14

2-42. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-14

2-43. Diagnosis . 2-15

2-44. Treatment 2-15

2-45. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-16

2-46. Medical Evacuation . 2-16

Section VII. Q Fever 2-16

2-47. General . 2-16

2-48. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-17

2-49. Environmental Detection 2-18

2-50. Prevention 2-18

2-51. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-18

2-52. Diagnosis . 2-19

2-53. Decontamination 2-19

2-54. Treatment 2-19

2-55. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-20

2-56. Medical Evacuation . 2-20

Section VIII. Tularemia . 2-20

2-57. General . 2-20

2-58. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 2-21

2-59. Environmental Detection 2-21

2-60. Prevention 2-21

2-61. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 2-22

2-62. Diagnosis . 2-22

2-63. Treatment 2-22

2-64. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 2-23

2-65. Medical Evacuation . 2-23

CHAPTER 3. VIRAL AGENTS

Section I. Introduction . 3-1

3-1. General . 3-1

Section II. Smallpox . 3-1

3-2. General . 3-1

3-3. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 3-1

3-4. Environmental Detection 3-1

3-5. Prevention 3-2

3-6. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 3-3

3-7. Diagnosis . 3-4

3-8. Treatment 3-4

3-9. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 3-4

3-10. Medical Evacuation . 3-5

Section III. Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis . 3-5

3-11. General . 3-5

3-12. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 3-6

3-13. Environmental Detection 3-6

3-14. Prevention 3-6

3-15. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 3-6

3-16. Diagnosis . 3-6

3-17. Treatment 3-7

3-18. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 3-7

3-19. Medical Evacuation . 3-7

Section IV. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers . 3-7

3-20. General . 3-7

3-21. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 3-9

3-22. Environmental Detection 3-9

3-23. Prevention 3-9

3-24. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 3-9

3-25. Diagnosis . 3-9

3-26. Treatment 3-10

3-27. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 3-10

3-28. Medical Evacuation . 3-12

CHAPTER 4. TOXINS

Section I. Introduction . 4-1

4-1. General . 4-1

Section II. Clostridium Botulinum Toxin . 4-1

4-2. General . 4-1

4-3. Biological Warfare Agent Delivery 4-2

4-4. Environmental Detection 4-2

4-5. Biological Warfare Clinical Presentation . 4-2

4-6. Prevention 4-3

4-7. Diagnosis . 4-3

4-8. Treatment 4-3

4-9. Control of Patients, Contacts, and Treatment Areas 4-5