SMALL SCALE CHP IN INDUSTRY - THE VIABILITY OF SMALL

0,41

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SCALE CHP APPLICATIONS IN THE GREEK INDUSTRY

61

stron

5247

ID

University of Strathclyde

2004

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 - AIMS OF THE PROJECT 5

1.1 – CONTRIBUTION 5

1.2 - THE ROLE OF THE CASE STUDY -ETEM S.A. 6

1.3 – DEFINITIONS 7

CHP

SMALL SCALE CHP

2.0 - HISTORICAL REVIEW 8

THE EARLY YEARS 8

THE 20TH CENTURY 8

EUROPE 9

THE FUTURE 10

2.1 - CHP PARAMETERS 12

BASIC COMPONENTS 12

TECHNOLOGIES 12

FUEL 14

EFFICIENCY 16

2.2 - APPLICATIONS IN INDUSTRY 17

2.3 – ECONOMICS 21

COSTS 21

PROJECT EVALUATION TECHNIQUES 22

FINANCING OPTIONS 22

3.0 – DISCUSSION 23

3.1 - PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 25

3.2 – POLICIES 28

3.3 – LIBERALIZATION 31

4.0 - CHP IN GREECE 32

4.1 - FUELS UTILIZATION 33

4.2 - ELECTRICITY PRICE 36

4.3 – SELLING TO THE GRID 38

4.4 - FUEL PRICE 39

5.0 - INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 40

5.1 - CASE STUDY ETEM S.A. 41

5.2 – RESULTS 43

5.3 - SENCITIVITY STUDY 44

5.4 - SENCITIVITY STUDY RESULTS 45

6.0 – CONCLUSION 47

6.1 - FUTURE PERSPECTIVES 47

APPENDIX A - CASE STUDY CALCULATIONS 50

PROPOSED UNIT

PAY BACK PERIOD CALCULATIONS

APPENDIX B – DEFINITIONS 56

APPENDIX C - EXCELL SHEET FOR SENCITIVITY STUDY 60

ACKNOLEGEMENTS 61