Use of Wood as a Fuel in Combined Heat and Power

0,55

MB

67

stron

5252

ID

University of Strathclyde

2006

rok

LIST OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Bio Energy and Sustainable Development 1

1.2 Background and Purpose of the Project 2

1.3 Wood Residues Available from the Sawmill 3

1.4 Demand of Heat Energy and Electrical Energy for the Saw Mill 4

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Principal Types of CHP Systems 6

2.2 Fuel used in Different Types of CHP 7

2.3 CHP performance 9

2.4 Properties of Wood as a Fuel in CHP 11

2.4.1 Moisture content (abbreviated to MC) 11

2.4.2 Size or “Quality” 12

2.5 Viable Technologies for the Utilisation of Wood as a Fuel 12

2.5.1 Wood Combustion 14

2.5.2 Wood Gasification 15

2.5.3 Pyrolysis of wood 32

2.6 Examples of using Woodchips as Fuel 32

Chapter 3 Calculations for the Proposed Technology

3.1 The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Technology 36

3.1.1 Calculation of amount of wood fuel required 41

3.1.2Calculation of the size of fuel hopper required 42

3.1.3 Heat Recovery and Use 42

3.2 Biomass Gasification 42

3.2.1 Gas Clean-up 47

3.2.2 Calculations for Biomass Gasification, Gas Turbine Cycle 48

Chapter 4 The Economics of CHP

4.1 Cost Calculations 51

4.1.1 CHP to Replace the Existing System of Energy Consumption of the Sawmill 52

4.1.2 Selling the Renewable Energy under the NFFO Obligation 56

Chapter 5 Conclusions and Recommendations

5.1 Summary of Results 57

5.2 Direction for Future Work 58

References 59