Feasibility Study of a Biodiesel Production Plant from Oilseed

1,62

MB

118

stron

5267

ID

University of Strathclyde

2007

rok

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION9

1.1. The context.9

1.1.1. Energy World.9

1.1.2. Biofuels 11

1.2. The current status of biodiesel use.16

1.2.1. What is biodiesel? 16

1.2.2. Biodiesel compared with other transport fuels 17

1.2.2. Benefits Of Biodiesel .22

1.3. Why research is needed in this area? .24

2. METHODOLOGY 25

2.1. Objectives 25

2.2. Methodology25

I THE IDEA

3. LITERATURE REVIEW.30

3.1. Present and future of biodiesel.30

3.2. How biodiesel fits in with other transport fuels in Spain and other countries?31

3.3. Actual biodiesel projects35

3.4. Actual biodiesel plants.36

3.5. Production of Biodiesel in the US and EU in 2000. 37

II THE DEFINITION

4. EVALUATION OF TYPES OF BIODIESEL 40

4.1. Biodiesel standards 40

4.2. Evaluation of biodiesel quality 42

4.3. Biodiesel pure or blended 47

5. EVALUATION OF TECHONOLOGY.48

5.1. Process Techonology Selection .48

5.2. The transesterification50

5.2.1. Chemical Reaction.50

5.2.2. Production Process.51

5.3. Equipment layouts .54

6. EVALUATION OF SUPPLY CHAIN.56

6.1. Considerations for the evaluation. .56

6.2. Oil from oilseeds58

6.2.1. Types Of Oilseeds58

6.2.2. Oilseed Election.58

6.2.3. Land Productivity.62

6.2.4. Economical aspects in oilseed production. 63

6.3. Evaluation of raw materials: methanol 64

6.3.1. Election Of The Alchohol. .64

6.3.2. Processing the alcohol65

6.4. Evaluation of the by-products. .65

6.4.1. Wash Water65

6.4.2. Glycerine66

III THE IMPLEMENTATION

7. EVALUATION OF EXECUTION ALTERNATIVES68

7.1. Schedule.¡Error! Marcador no definido.

7.2. Site location study71

7.2.1. Feedstock Supply.71

7.2.2. Biodiesel Distribution 71

7.3. Plant components .72

7.3.1. Reactors72

7.3.2. Pumps.75

7.3.3. Centrifuges.76

7.3.4. Distillation77

7.4. Layout design.77

7.5. Other factors for consideration 82

7.5.1. External Impacts 82

7.5.2. Required Permits83

8. EVALUATION OF OPERATING PLANT ISSUES .84

8.1. Method Of Operating The Plant 84

8.2. Start-Up85

9. EVALUATION FINANCIAL PLANT & PLANT OPERATING COST88

9.1. Production costs .88

9.2. Plant Operating Cost Example.92

9.3. Financial Plan.93

9.3.1. Market Considerations .93

9.3.2. Financial Considerations93

VI THE PLANT

10. THE PLANT- CASE STUDY.96

10.1. Methodology96

10.2. The idea96

10.3. The definition.97

10.3.1. Type of Biodiesel .97

10.3.2. Technology .

10.3.3. Supply Chain99

10.4. The implementation .100

10.4.1. Execution Alternatives.100

10.4.2. Operating Plant Issues105

10.4.3. Financial Plant & Plant Operating Cost.105

10.5. The plant 106

11. CONCLUSIONS 107

12. AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH.109

13. GLOSSARY111

14. REFERENCES.113

15. BIBLIOGRAPHY117