Helping Russia Downsize its Nuclear Complex: A Focus on the

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Closed Nuclear Cities

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Princeton University

2000

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface 3

Executive Summary 4

Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms 7

Introduction 9

MinAtom’s Downsizing Plans 10

Progress to Date 14

US Assistance Programs 17

Highly Enriched Uranium (HEU) Blend-Down and Purchase Agreement 17

Nuclear Cities Initiative 19

Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention 20

International Science and Technology Center 21

Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) Program 22

Nuclear Material Protection, Control and Accounting Program 22

A Way Forward 23

The Domenici Initiative 23

Box: Key Elements of Senator Domenici’s Draft “Nuclear Weapons Complex Conversion Act of

2000” 24

Development of a Russian Plan for Downsizing 25

Box: The Sarov Conversion Initiative 26

A More Coherent Strategy for US programs 27

Promising Initiatives 28

The Need for Increased Funding 30

Conclusion 32

Appendices

1. Downsizing Projections on a City-by-City Basis 33

2. Conference Agenda and List of Participants 48