SOLAS Science Plan - FOCUS 1: Biogeochemical Interactions and

1,34

MB

Feedbacks between Ocean and Atmosphere

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stron

5492

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CLIMATE CHANGE SECRETARIAT

2006

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Activity 1.1 – Primary Marine Particle Formation.5

1.1.1 - Determine the properties of the dissolved and particulate organic constituents of the surface

microlayer and bulk seawater, their relative contributions to atmospheric particles and the

biological, chemical and physical processes in the water column that give rise to surface-active

material.6

1.1.2 - Quantify the chemical, physical and biological evolution of primary aerosols 8

Activity 1.2 – Trace Gas Emission and Photochemical Feedbacks.11

1.2.1 - Determine the biological sources of atmospherically important trace gases.12

1.2.2 - Quantify the ultraviolet (UV) radiation field in the surface ocean and its significance to the

photochemical and photobiological cycling of gases relevant to atmospheric chemistry and global

change.15

1.2.3 - Quantify the relationship between upper ocean physics and the ecological processes that

affect the cycling of climatically important trace gases 19

1.2.4 - Quantify the contribution of reactive chemicals to the oxidising capacity of the

atmosphere22

Activity 1.3 – Oceanic Emissions, Clouds, and Climate125

1.3.1 - Quantify the atmospheric gas phase reaction pathways that control the formation of

condensable vapours 26

1.3.2 - Quantify the nucleation and growth of aerosols in the marine environment and their relative

contribution to the marine Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) population .27

1.3.3 - Quantify the relationships between precursor aerosols, Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN),

Cloud Droplet Number (CDN) concentrations (including ice)29

1.3.4 - Quantify heterogeneous chemical transformations in- and out-of-cloud31

1.3.5 - Quantify the radiative impacts of aerosols and clouds in the marine environment.32

Activity 1.4 - Atmospheric Deposition of Macro and Micro Nutrients1 .34

1.4.1 - Characterise the temporal and spatial patterns of trace metals, organic matter and macro-

nutrients deposition flux to the world oceans and project how this will change in the future.35

1.4.2 - Quantify bioavailability of trace metal species in seawater after transformations of mineral-

derived aerosols in the atmosphere38

1.4.3 - Determine the atmospheric transformations and, in the case of organic matter,

bioavailability of macronutrients to the oceans.40

1.4.4 - Predict the biogeochemical responses to atmospheric deposition.41

REFERENCES .46

ACRONYMS54