| | THE HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS AND REGULATORY STRATEGY |
| | 1,66 | | MB | RELATED TO ENERGY DEVELOPMENTS |
| | 149 | | stron |
| | 5514 | | ID | Health and Safety Executive, Safety Policy Division C, Explosives Policy |
| | 2006 | | rok |
| | CONTENTS |
| | Executive summary 9 |
| | Gas storage |
| | Carbon capture and storage |
| | Renewable energy sources: Wind, wave and tidal power |
| | Renewable energy sources: Biomass |
| | Distributed generation |
| | The generation of electricity by nuclear power stations |
| | Cleaner coal technologies |
| | Future requirements |
| | Introduction: The Health and Safety Executive’s remit and contribution to the review 17 |
| | 1 The Health and Safety Executive’s regulatory approach 19 |
| | The role of the Commission and Executive |
| | Health and safety at work law |
| | Achieving sensible risk management |
| | Establishing and reflecting societal concerns |
| | Conclusion |
| | 2 Natural gas storage 25 |
| | The technology |
| | Salt cavities |
| | Storage in strata on and offshore (in depleted oil and gas fields) |
| | Liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage and import facilities |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Regulatory strategy |
| | Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations 1999 (COMAH) |
| | Borehole Sites and Operations Regulations 1995 (BSOR) |
| | Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Regulations 2005 (OSCR) and associated legislation |
| | Pipelines Safety Regulations 1996 (PSR) |
| | Land-use planning and hazardous substances consent |
| | Standards |
| | Salt cavities |
| | Liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage and import facilities |
| | Onshore strata storage |
| | Offshore strata storage |
| | Pipelines associated with gas storage sites |
| | Conclusion |
| | 3 Carbon capture and storage 37 |
| | The technology |
| | Carbon dioxide capture |
| | Separation technologies |
| | Transport of carbon dioxide |
| | Storage of carbon dioxide |
| | Depleted oil and gas reservoirs |
| | Unmineable coal seams |
| | Saline aquifers |
| | Industrial experience with carbon dioxide |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Health hazards |
| | Carbon capture solvents |
| | Gaseous CO2 |
| | Supercritical (dense phase) CO2 |
| | Engineering hazards |
| | Regulatory strategy |
| | Exposure to substances hazardous to health |
| | Occupational hygiene |
| | Regulation of hazardous installations and land use planning |
| | Standards |
| | Conclusion |
| | 4 Renewable energy sources 49 |
| | A Offshore wind, wave and tidal power 49 |
| | The technology |
| | Offshore wind farms |
| | Tide and wave power |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Regulatory strategy |
| | Standards |
| | Conclusion |
| | B Onshore wind power 51 |
| | The technology |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Risks to employees |
| | Risks to the public |
| | Microgeneration |
| | Regulatory strategy |
| | Standards |
| | Conclusion |
| | C Biomass 54 |
| | The technology |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Biomass storage and handling |
| | Pyrolysis processes |
| | Gasification processes |
| | Fermentation processes |
| | Distillation processes |
| | Esterification/transesterification processes |
| | Fischer-Tropsch processes |
| | Digestion processes |
| | Downstream processes |
| | Regulatory strategy |
| | Standards |
| | Conclusion |
| | 5 Distributed generation 61 |
| | The technology |
| | External combustion (EC) engines |
| | Stirling engine |
| | Rankine cycle system |
| | Reciprocating internal combustion (IC) engines |
| | Gas turbines |
| | Fuel cells |
| | Hydrogen |
| | Hydrogen production |
| | Hydrogen storage and transport |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Human health risks |
| | Safety risks |
| | Regulatory strategy and standards |
| | External combustion (EC) engines |
| | Internal combustion engines |
| | Gas turbines |
| | Fuel cells and hydrogen |
| | Connection to the grid |
| | Conclusion |
| | 6 The generation of electricity by nuclear power stations 73 |
| | The technology |
| | Overview |
| | Evolution of the United Kingdom nuclear power programme |
| | Development of nuclear reactor technology |
| | Features of new designs of nuclear power station |
| | Health and safety risks |
| | Ionising radiation |
| | Risks form normal operation |
| | Risks from accidents |
| | Regulatory strategy and standards |
| | The nuclear site licence |
| | Inspection and enforcement |
| | The safety case |
| | Assessment methodology |
| | Independent examination of NII methodologies |
| | Review of SAPs |
| | International obligations |
| | Licensing of new nuclear power stations |
| | Safety submissions for new nuclear power stations |
| | Capability of potential licensees |
| | The role of pre-licensing assessments |
| | Conclusion |
| | 7 Cleaner coal technologies 89 |
| | The technology |
| | Combustion of coal |
| | Pulverised fuel (pf) |
| | Fluidised bed combustion |
| | Cleaner combustion technologies |
| | Gasification |
| | Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) |
| | Underground coal gasification (UGC) |
| | Coal bed methane extraction |
| | Operational issues |