Green Purchasing Good Practice Guide

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ICLEI — Local Governments for Sustainability

2001

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FOREWORD 3

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6

INTRODUCTION 7

1 FOCUSING ON THE ENVIRONMENT – THE TOOLKIT 9

1.1 HOW TO IDENTIFY AN “ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE PRODUCT” 9

1.2 HOW CAN GREEN PURCHASING BENEFIT FROM EMAS OR ISO 14 001? 12

1.2.1 SELF-COMMITMENT TO AN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 12

1.2.2 OBLIGATION FOR PRODUCERS 12

1.3 GREEN PURCHASING AND LOCAL AGENDA 21 13

2 LEGAL PROVISIONS AND FRAMEWORK 14

2.1 EUROPEAN POLICY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 14

2.1.1 RULES APPLYING TO ALL PUBLIC PROCUREMENT CONTRACTS 14

2.1.2 RULES APPLYING TO CONTRACTS COVERED BY THE PUBLIC 15

2.1.3 LEEWAY OFFERED TO GREEN PURCHASING 16

2.2 GREEN PROCUREMENT IN NATIONAL LEGISLATION PROCUREMENT DIRECTIVES 16

EUROPEAN GOOD PRACTICE 18

3 IT STARTED WITH A FEW ECO-PRODUCTS…- COMMUNAUTÉ URBAINE DE DUNKERQUE,

FRANCE 19

3.1 BACKGROUND 19

3.2 STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES 19

3.3 SUCCESSFUL INTRODUCTION OF ECO-PRODUCTS 19

3.4 RESULTS 21

4 FROM HEALTH CONCERN TOAGREEN PURCHASING PROGRAMME - CITY OF FERRARA,

ITALY 23

4.1 BACKGROUND 23

4.2 STARTING IN ACONSENSUAL AREA 23

4.3 INCORPORATING GREEN PURCHASING IN THE LOCAL AGENDA 21 PROCESS 24

4.4 STEP BY STEP…- TOWARDS GREENING ALL PURCHASES 24

4.5 DRAWING ON SUCCESS 24

5 QUESTIONNAIRES, AN EASY WAY FOR IDENTIFYING GREEN PRODUCTS - KOLDING,

DENMARK 26

5.1 BACKGROUND 26

5.2 STRATEGY AND OBJECTIVES 26

5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRES 26

5.4 RESULTS 28

6 DECENTRALISING GREEN PROCUREMENT - PORI, FINLAND 30

6.1 BACKGROUND 30

6.2 CREATING AN ECO-PROCUREMENT TASK TEAM 30

6.3 APPOINTING AN ECO-CONSULTANT 31

6.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTACTS IN THE MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION 31

6.5 CREATING AN INTERNAL REUSE SERVICE 31

6.6 HARVESTING THE RESULTS OFAMULTI-INVOLVEMENT GREEN PURCHASING POLICY 32

7 TRAINING AND MOTIVATION - CITY OF GÖTEBORG, SWEDEN 34

7.1 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES 34

7.2 SETTING UP A FULL TRAINING SCHEME 34

7.3 MOTIVATING PEOPLE TO PARTICIPATE IN TRAINING COURSES 36

7.4 A GENERAL COMMITMENT TO GREEN PURCHASING 36

8 MOTIVATING PURCHASERS VIA REGIONAL NETWORKING - VORARLBERG, AUSTRIA 38

8.1 BACKGROUND 38

8.2 STRATEGY: COVERING THE REGION ASAWHOLE 38

8.3 SURVEYING PURCHASERS’ EXPECTATIONS 38

8.4 NETWORKS: A CORNERSTONE OF REGIONAL ACTIVITY 39

8.5 BENEFIT FROM NETWORKING ACTIVITIES! 39

9 AMUNICIPAL STRATEGY - KØBENHAVN, DENMARK 41

9.1 BACKGROUND 41

9.2 SELECTING AREAS OF EFFORT 41

9.3 DEFINING CONCRETE TARGETS 42

9.4 INVOLVING STAFF 43

9.5 PROVIDING TRAINING 43

9.6 DOCUMENTING APPROACHES 43

9.7 MONITORING RESULTS 43

9.8 BARRIERS AND CONFLICTS 44

9.9 THE FUTURE 44

10 EXPERIENCE GAINED FROM CASE DESCRIPTIONS 45

OUTLOOK 49

GLOSSARY OF TERMS 51