Indoor Air Quality Management

2,58

MB

223

stron

573

ID

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

1999

rok

Foreword..vii

Note to Building Owners and Facility Managers ..ix

Acknowledgements xiii

TAB I: BASICS

Section 1: About This Document ..1

Section 2: Factors Affecting Indoor Air Quality.. 5

Sources of Indoor Air Contaminants .5

HVAC System Design and Operation..6

Pollutant Pathways and Driving Forces ..9

Building Occupants .10

Section 3: Effective Communication. 13

Communicating to Prevent IAQ Problems..13

Communicating to Resolve IAQ Problems .15

TAB II: PREVENTING IAQ PROBLEMS

Section 4: Developing an lAQ Profile .. 19

Skills Required to Create an IAQ Profile .20

Steps in an IAQ Profile..21

Section 5: Managing Buildings for Good IAQ.. 31

Developing an IAQ Management Plan..31

TAB III: RESOLVING IAQ PROBLEMS

Section 6: Diagnosing lAQ Problems .. 45

Overview: Conducting an IAQ Investigation.46

Initial Walkthrough .47

Collecting Additional Information ..49

Collecting Information about Occupant Complaints..50

Using the Occupant Data..53

Collecting Information about the HVAC System 57

Using the HVAC System Data ..62

Collecting Information about Pollutant Pathways and Driving Forces.68

Using Pollutant Pathway Data70

Collecting Information on Pollutant Sources .72

Using Pollutant Source Data ..74

Sampling Air for Contaminants and Indicators.74

Complaints Due to Conditions Other Than Poor Air Quality 77

Forming and Testing Hypotheses.78

Section 7: Mitigating lAQ Problems ..81

Background: Controlling Indoor Air Problems .81

Sample Problems and Solutions 86

Judging Proposed Mitigation Designs and Their Success.102

Section 8: Hiring Professional Assistance to Solve an lAQ Problem 105

Make Sure That Their Approach Fits Your Needs105

Selection Criteria 106

TAB IV: APPENDICES

Appendix A: Common lAQ Measurements - A General Guide 109

Overview of Sampling Devices..109

Simple Ventilation/Comfort Indications 110

Air Contaminant Concentrations115

Appendix B: HVAC Systems and Indoor Air Quality . 121

Background..121

Types of HVAC Systems ..122

Basic Components of an HVAC System123

ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines 137

Appendix C: Moisture, Mold and Mildew . 141

Background on Relative Humidity, Vapor Pressure, and Condensation141

Taking Steps to Reduce Moisture..143

Identifying and Correcting Common Problems From Mold and Mildew.145

Appendix D: Asbestos ..147

EPA and NIOSH Positions on Asbestos 148

Programs for Managing Asbestos In-Place ..149

Where to Go for Additional Information150

Appendix E: Radon.151

Building Measurement, Diagnosis and Remediation ..151

Where To Go for Additional Information .152

Appendix F: Glossary and Acronyms 153

Appendix G: Resources157

Federal Agencies with Major IAQ Responsibilities.157

Other Federal Agencies with Indoor Air Responsibilities.160

State and Local Agencies ..160

Private Sector Contacts161

Publications ..164

Training ..167

TAB V: INDOOR AIR QUALITY FORMS

IAQ Management Checklist .171

Pollutant Pathway Record For IAQ Profiles 175

Zone/Room Record ..177

Ventilation Worksheet.179

Indoor Air Quality Complaint Form.181

Incident Log..183

Occupant Interview ..185

Occupant Diary187

Log of Activities and System Operation 189

HVAC Checklist-Short Form ..191

HVAC Checklist-Long Form ..195

Pollutant Pathway Form For Investigations .211

Pollutant and Source Inventory ..213

Chemical Inventory ..221

Hypothesis Form