Towards a UK Framework for Household Waste Prevention

2,22

MB

97

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Enviros

2004

rok

SUMMARY OF PHASE 1 AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PHASE 2 1

Context 1

Challenges 1

Definition of waste prevention 2

Potential for waste prevention 2

Approaches to household waste prevention 4

Proposed Outline Framework for UK Household Waste Prevention 7

Proposals for Phase 2 11

Summary of proposals for Phase 2 16

1. CONTEXT 22

1.1 Technical Background 22

1.2 Study Aims and Scope 23

1.3 Definition of household waste prevention 24

2. DRIVERS INFLUENCING HOUSEHOLD WASTE 28

2.1 Waste Growth in the Policy and Economic Context 28

2.2 The Social Context 29

2.3 Technological Drivers 31

2.4 Historical Changes in Waste Composition 31

2.5 Trends in Particular Waste Streams 32

2.6 What Does this Mean for Future Waste Composition? 35

3. CATEGORISING WASTE PREVENTION ACTIVITIES 36

4. AWARENESS AND ATTITUDES TO WASTE PREVENTION 39

4.1 Manufacturers & retailers – supply side attitudes and awareness 39

4.2 Public – demand side attitudes and awareness 41

5. RESEARCH FINDINGS - MANUFACTURERS & RETAILERS 43

5.1 Introduction 43

5.2 Specification and Design of Packaging 43

5.3 Product specification and eco-design – consumer goods & WEEE 48

5.4 Product labelling and product/brand marketing 52

5.5 Product-Service Systems 55

5.6 Take back, reuse/exchange and refurbishment 59

6. RESEARCH FINDINGS - CONSUMERS AND THE WIDER COMMUNITY 62

6.1 Introduction 62

6.2 General Awareness Raising and Education 62

6.3 ‘Smart’ Shopping or Informed Purchasing 66

6.4 Home and Community Composting 71

6.5 Community Reuse and Refurbishment 75

7. ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS USED TO CURB WASTE ARISINGS 81

7.1 What economic instruments are used for waste prevention? 81

7.2 Why are economic instruments used? 82

7.3 What are the barriers (issues) to using economic instruments? 83

8. MEASUREMENT OF WASTE PREVENTION 84

8.1 Introduction 84

8.2 National Measurement of Waste Prevention 84

8.3 Regional/Local Waste Prevention 85

8.4 Conclusions 88

APPENDICES

1. OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH TO PHASE 1

2. CASE STUDIES