| | Environmental Report 2002 |
| | 1,31 | | MB |
| | 179 | | stron |
| | 5855 | | ID | Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear |
| | 2002 | | rok | Safety |
| | Contents: |
| | Dear readers, . 2 |
| | Contents:. 4 |
| | I. Introduction 10 |
| | I.1. Ecological modernisation 10 |
| | I.2 From idea to implementation – fundamental principles .10 |
| | Sustainable and future-proof? Of course! 10 |
| | Making Germany future-proof: Ecological renewal11 |
| | The national sustainability strategy .11 |
| | The overall context is important – Integration of environmental protection13 |
| | Ecology and economy – two sides of the same coin .13 |
| | I.3 Being practical – The tools of ecological modernisation 15 |
| | Flexible methods, inflexible objectives .15 |
| | II Working together towards sustainability – The role of the social groups 17 |
| | II.1 Environmental awareness – A key issue 18 |
| | II.2 Get involved: Taking part in environmental policy 20 |
| | Federal Government strengthens involvement .21 |
| | Environmental and nature conservation organisations – Important allies of environmental policy 22 |
| | Environmental responsibility on the part of private industry 22 |
| | Community participation – Local Agenda 21 24 |
| | Working together for the future – Gender mainstreaming.25 |
| | II.3 Well-armed: Environmental education and information.27 |
| | Environmental protection from childhood – Environmental education is vital27 |
| | Who? How? What? - The importance of environmental information.28 |
| | Information online .28 |
| | Setting an example 29 |
| | III International challenges.30 |
| | III.1 Europeanisation and globalisation of environmental policy30 |
| | III.2 Strengthening the process of ecological modernisation in Europe31 |
| | European sustainability strategy .32 |
| | Enlargement of the EU – an chance for the environment32 |
| | Environmental know-how for South-East Europe and the New Independent States 34 |
| | III.3 Environmental policy for one world .35 |
| | Advocate for the global environment: Strengthening the UNEP environment programme 36 |
| | Stepping up financing 36 |
| | Structuring globalisation.36 |
| | IV A climate of change – Climate protection and air pollution control 39 |
| | IV.1 The earth is perspiring – Getting out of the greenhouse .39 |
| | Climate change and its consequences .39 |
| | Taking responsibility and putting climate protection into practice – the Federal Government’s |
| | policy.40 |
| | The national climate protection strategy41 |
| | How can the reductions be achieved? - Implementation.44 |
| | Climate protection – Ecologically essential, and economically rich in opportunities .46 |
| | Climate policy as a European and a global challenge47 |
| | The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 48 |
| | Climate protection – Unthinkable without the EU .50 |
| | What is the way forward? - The next steps in international climate policy51 |
| | IV.2 Preserving the earth’s protective shield – protection of the ozone layer .51 |
| | We can manage without CFCs – the Montreal Protocol .52 |
| | No time to be idle – Protecting the ozone layer is an on-going task.53 |
| | Effective protection of the ozone layer – The EU’s activities 54 |
| | IV.3 Air pollution control55 |
| | A cross-media approach .55 |
| | Air to breathe – The Federal Government’s measures 55 |
| | Improving air quality throughout Europe .57 |
| | Summer smog .59 |
| | V New energy for the future – the phasing out of nuclear power and the new direction in energy |
| | policy61 |
| | V.1 Global and national energy supply – not yet sustainable.61 |
| | Using energy, but consuming fewer environmental resources: Increasing energy efficiency.65 |
| | The ecological tax reform.66 |
| | Tapping the energy supply of the future: Renewable energy sources 68 |
| | A breakthrough for renewable energy sources – The Renewable Energy Act .69 |
| | Investing in the future – Promotion programmes for renewable energy sources 71 |
| | Solar, wind and other sources – The development of renewable energy sources73 |
| | Market power for renewable energy resources – Liberalised market structures 76 |
| | V.3 Nuclear safety and new disposal methods .77 |
| | A particular challenge – Nuclear safety77 |
| | Safety in nuclear power stations .77 |
| | If something does happen – Hazardous incidents 78 |
| | Chernobyl – The aftermath.78 |
| | Safety in east and west – Enlargement of the European Union .79 |
| | A radioactive legacy – The new disposal concept .79 |
| | What to do with the irradiated waste? - The quest for a repository site .81 |
| | Organised disposal – The national disposal plan 81 |
| | VI The environment and transport 83 |
| | VI.1 A growing economy, greater individualisation, and escalating traffic volumes 83 |
| | VI.2 More mobility – Fewer environmental impacts .88 |
| | Strategies for eco-friendly mobility88 |
| | Less is more – Traffic avoidance .88 |
| | Road traffic is not the only option – Rerouting traffic .89 |
| | Mobility and climate protection are not diametrically opposed – Economic instruments show the way |
| | 90 |
| | Putting less into the air – More sustainable transport through better technology92 |
| | Loud is out: Noise abatement .95 |
| | We can all do our bit – Eco-friendly mobility 96 |
| | New eco-friendly routes – The construction of transport routes 96 |
| | VII Live and Health .98 |
| | VII.1 Environment and health .98 |
| | Risk prevention and health protection .98 |
| | The action programme “Environment and Health”98 |
| | Chemical safety .99 |
| | Getting the chemistry right – Chemicals legislation in the European Union.99 |
| | The new Biocide Act 101 |
| | Chemicals with hormone-like effects .101 |
| | Reducing persistent toxins worldwide: The Stockholm Convention (POP Convention) .101 |
| | Controlled international trade in chemicals – the Rotterdam Convention102 |
| | Environmental radioactivity and radiation 102 |
| | Protection against electromagnetic fields.104 |
| | Responsible handling of genetic engineering .106 |
| | VII.2 Conservation of resources: Avoiding waste and closing substance cycles .108 |
| | Sustainable waste policy.108 |
| | Departure from the throw-away society – The same quality of life with less waste.109 |
| | New provisions governing individual product groups 110 |
| | Sustainable waste management thanks to new regulations for industrial and commercial waste115 |
| | Improved provisions for waste disposal .117 |
| | VII.3 Sustainable management of soil and land 119 |
| | Soil – A talented all-rounder .119 |
| | The target of sustainable development: A trend reversal in land use.119 |
| | Soil conservation demands European and international cooperation 123 |
| | VIII Conserving natural resources .125 |
| | VIII.1 Nature: More than just rare plants and obscure insects 125 |
| | Nature – Our threatened natural resource .125 |
| | Implementing modern nature conservation – The Federal Government’s policy .126 |
| | Nature conservation is international 131 |
| | The Wadden Sea – A unique habitat .134 |
| | VIII.2: Environmentally compatible agriculture and forestry.135 |
| | Land use and environmental protection belong together 135 |
| | The turning point in agriculture has begun 136 |
| | The forest – Habitat and recreation space .141 |
| | The forest – Still at risk 141 |
| | Conserving the forest – The Federal Government’s policy.142 |
| | More than just protection of the rain forests – Forest protection worldwide .144 |
| | VIII.3: Water is life – water management and marine conservation146 |
| | Many successes, ambitious challenges – Water protection in Germany147 |
| | The problem of nutrient discharges: Integrated solutions .147 |
| | New water legislation for Europe: The Water Framework Directive .148 |
| | Reducing pollution – Other measures by the Federal Government.149 |
| | Protection of river basins: Beyond national borders150 |
| | We don’t want to be up to our necks in water – Preventive flood alleviation 150 |
| | The contamination cannot go on – Marine conservation in peril 151 |
| | Water is life: International Freshwater Conference.152 |
| | Improved water supply through greater competition? 153 |
| | REGISTER154 |