| | IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IPPC DIRECTIVE GUIDANCE DOCUMENT |
| | 1,47 | | MB | ON BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES FOR THE SURFACE TREATMENT |
| | 104 | | stron | SECTOR |
| | 5860 | | ID | Institute for Environment Management |
| | 2003 | | rok |
| | Index |
| | 1 GENERAL INFORMATION . 5 |
| | 1.1 Introduction.5 |
| | 1.2 Application of BAT to New and Existing Plants .6 |
| | 1.3 Application Deadlines and Review Periods .7 |
| | 1.4 Technical Aspects of an Application7 |
| | 1.5 Installations Covered .8 |
| | 1.5.1 Overwiew of the Hungarian Galvanoplating Industry 8 |
| | 1.5.2 Quantity of electrodeposited metals (t / year) 9 |
| | 1.5.3 Hungarian Aluminium Surface Treaters Association 10 |
| | 1.5.4 Hot-Dip Galvanizers Association 11 |
| | 1.6 Key issues for the sector .11 |
| | 1.7 Cross-Media 14 |
| | 1.7.1 Environmental Effects 14 |
| | 1.7.2 Costs 16 |
| | 1.7.3 Evaluating the Alternatives 17 |
| | 2 OVERVIEW OF PROCESSES 19 |
| | 2.1 Types of Metal Finishing Processes19 |
| | 2.2 The Finishing Process .20 |
| | 2.2.1 Surface preparation 20 |
| | 2.2.2 Surface treatment 20 |
| | 2.2.3 Electroplating 22 |
| | 2.3 Electrolytic Plating .23 |
| | 2.3.1 Chemical and Electrochemical Conversion 23 |
| | 2.3.2 Other Surface Finishing Technologies 24 |
| | 3 BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES: PREVENTION 26 |
| | 3.1 General Pollution Prevention Techniques for Plating Solutions .28 |
| | 3.2 Equipment Modifications to Prevent Pollution .31 |
| | 3.2.1 Others 32 |
| | 3.3 Chemical Substitution33 |
| | 3.4 Water Reduction Techniques 35 |
| | 3.4.1 Degreasing 36 |
| | 3.4.2 Methods to Reduce Dragout 39 |
| | 3.4.3 Rinsing 44 |
| | 3.5 On-Site Recycling and Recovery.47 |
| | 3.6 Waste Segregation 48 |
| | 3.7 Recuction of Extracted Air .53 |
| | 3.8 Noise and Vibration .54 |
| | 3.8.1 Ventilation systems and fans 54 |
| | 3.8.2 Pipework 55 |
| | 3.8.3 Industrial structures (rooms and machinery) 56 |
| | 3.9 Environmental Impacts of Energy Use 57 |
| | 3.9.1 Energy Efficiency Measures in Permit Consideration 57 |
| | 3.9.2 Energy efficiency in permitting in practice 57 |
| | 3.9.3 Regulatory Requirements for Energy Efficiency under IPPC 58 |
| | 3.9.4 Description of Energy Consumption 59 |
| | 3.9.5 Description of specific energy consumption 60 |
| | 3.9.6 Basic energy requirements 60 |
| | 4 BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES: REDUCTION 64 |
| | 4.1 Air pollutants, Odour66 |
| | 4.2 Water pollutants.68 |
| | 4.2.1 Final cleaning 76 |
| | 4.3 Waste 76 |
| | 4.4 Noise and Vibration .77 |
| | 4.5 Other Techniques 77 |
| | 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS. 78 |
| | 5.1 Best Available Techniques 80 |
| | 5.2 Management Tools82 |
| | 5.2.1 Inventory Management Tools 82 |
| | 5.3 Strategic Management Tools.84 |
| | 5.3.1 Risk Assessment 84 |
| | 5.3.2 Benchmarking 84 |
| | 5.3.3 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 84 |
| | 5.4 Safety and Emergency Tools 85 |
| | 5.4.1 Managing Fire-fighting Water and Major Spillages 85 |
| | 6 DEFINITIONS 87 |
| | 7 REFERENCES .102 |
| | 8 EUROPEAN EMISSION LIMIT VALUES .104 |