WAR AND PEACE

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Greenpeace International

2001

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The television pictures of the burning oil wells in Iraq, that we all saw at the end of the Persian Gulf

War, showed dramatically the environmental destruction and pollution that can result from warfare.

The first essay in this Chapter examines the actions that constitute ``environmental warfare''--the

direct military manipulation of the atmosphere, land, oceans, and bacteriologic systems for hostile

purposes. The second essay assesses the legality of environmental warfare under the

Environmental Modification Convention of 1977, reprinted in the Appendix to this Anthology. The

third essay, written in 1967 (except for an introduction written recently), considers the legality of

nuclear testing in the South Pacific at a time when there were hardly any treaties or international

norms relating to environmental damage