The Quest for Global Sustainability: International Efforts on

0,33

MB

Linking Environment and Development.

67

stron

6213

ID

Center for International Development, Harvard University

2005

rok

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION: THE QUEST FOR GLOBAL SUSTAINABILITY. 1

2. ANALYZING GLOBAL COOPERATION AND POLICY MAKING ON ENVIRONMENT AND

DEVELOPMENT 4

2.1 FOUR ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVES 4

2.1.1 Emergence and Influence of an International Environment and Development Discourse 4

2.1.2 Growing Multilateralism and the Influence of International Institutions 5

2.1.3 Power Politics 6

2.1.4 North-South Politics and Conflicts 7

2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY . 9

3. FROM SPECIES PROTECTION TO ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT. 10

3.1 THE DISCOURSE OF SPECIES PROTECTION AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

10

3.2 EARLY INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS ON SPECIES PROTECTION . 11

3.3 MANAGING THE WORLD’S NATURAL RESOURCES AND GEOPOLITICAL SECURITY

ISSUES 11

3.4 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND

DEVELOPMENT . 14

3.5 GROWING ATTENTION TO POPULATION AND POLLUTION 15

3.6 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 17

4. UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT 18

4.1. THE ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE AT STOCKHOLM 18

4.2 INSTITUTIONAL PREPARATIONS. 19

4.3 POWER POLITICS AND EAST-WEST ISSUES 21

4.4 NORTH-SOUTH RELATIONS AND CONFLICTS. 23

4.5 THE DEBATE AT STOCKHOLM AND NORTH-SOUTH DIMENSIONS 25

4.6 OUTCOMES OF THE STOCKHOLM CONFERENCE. 27

4.7 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 28

5. CONTINUING EFFORTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT, 1972-1982 . 29

5.1 THE ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT DISCOURSE DEVELOPS 29

5.2 INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT. 30

5.3 CONSERVATION, ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT. 36

5.4 NORTH-SOUTH CONFLICTS CONTINUE 38

5.5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 41

6. ASSESSING PROGRESS AND THE ROAD TO RIO, 1982 TO 1992 . 42

6.1 THE DISCOURSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 43

6.2 STOCKHOLM+10 43

6.3 THE WORLD COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 44

6.4 THE CHALLENGE OF RIO . 48

6.5 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 49

7. CONCLUDING REMARKS AND AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH . 50

APPENDICES 53

APPENDIX 1: TIME-LINE OF IMPORTANT EVENTS, 1872-1992 53

APPENDIX 2: ESTABLISHMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MINISTRIES, 1971 TO 1995. 55

REFERENCES 56