| | Global Corruption Report 2006 |
| | 6,63 | | MB |
| | 378 | | stron |
| | 6278 | | ID | Transparency International |
| | 2005 | | rok |
| | Contents |
| | Acknowledgements x |
| | Preface xii |
| | David Nussbaum |
| | Foreword xiv |
| | Mary Robinson |
| | Executive summary xvi |
| | Transparency International |
| | Part one: Corruption and health |
| | 1 The causes of corruption in the health sector: a focus on health care systems 3 |
| | Why are health systems prone to corruption? 4 |
| | William D. Savedoff and Karen Hussmann |
| | A tale of two health systems 14 |
| | William D. Savedoff |
| | Corruption in health care systems: the US experience 16 |
| | Malcolm K. Sparrow |
| | Corruption in Cambodia’s health sector 22 |
| | Lisa Prevenslik-Takeda |
| | 2 The scale of the problem 25 |
| | Case study: Grand corruption in Costa Rica 26 |
| | Emilia González |
| | Measuring corruption in the health sector: what we can learn from public expenditure tracking and |
| | service delivery surveys in developing countries 29 |
| | Magnus Lindelow, Inna Kushnarova and Kai Kaiser |
| | Local-level corruption hits health service delivery in the Philippines 37 |
| | Omar Azfar and Tugrul Gurgur |
| | Corruption is bad for your health: findings from Central and Eastern Europe 39 |
| | Richard Rose |
| | ‘Citizens’ audit’ in Mexico reveals paper trail of corruption 43 |
| | Helena Hofbauer |
| | Fighting fraud and corruption in Britain’s National Health Service 46 |
| | Jim Gee |
| | 3 Corruption in hospitals 48 |
| | Corruption in hospital administration 49 |
| | Taryn Vian |
| | Cash registers inject transparency – and revenue – into Kenya’s Coast Provincial General Hospital |
| | 53 |
| | Taryn Vian |
| | Hospital waiting lists open for scrutiny in Croatia 55 |
| | Ana First |
| | No bribes for healthy business: India’s Transasia Biomedicals 58 |
| | Michael Smith |
| | 4 Informal payments for health care 62 |
| | Paying for ‘free’ health care: the conundrum of informal payments in post-communist Europe 63 |
| | Sara Allin, Konstantina Davaki and Elias Mossialos |
| | Gift, fee or bribe? Informal payments in Hungary 71 |
| | Péter Gaál |
| | Informal payments take a toll on Moroccan patients 74 |
| | Azeddine Akesbi, Siham Benchekroun and Kamal El Mesbahi |
| | 5 Corruption in the pharmaceutical sector 76 |
| | Pharmaceuticals and corruption: a risk assessment 77 |
| | Jillian Clare Cohen |
| | US pharmaceutical company fined for payments to charity headed by Polish health official 78 |
| | Transparency International |
| | The corrupting influence of money in medicine 85 |
| | Jerome P. Kassirer |
| | Promoting trust and transparency in pharmaceutical companies: an industry perspective 91 |
| | Harvey Bale |
| | Fighting corruption: the role of the medical profession 94 |
| | John R. Williams |
| | The fight against counterfeit drugs in Nigeria 96 |
| | Dora Akunyili |
| | GC2006 00 pre 6 8/11/05 17:53:06 |
| | Global Corruption Report 2006 vii |
| | Corruption in the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand 100 |
| | Stuart Cameron |
| | Malpractice in the Office of the Drug Controller in Karnataka, India 101 |
| | Stuart Cameron |
| | 6 Corruption and HIV/AIDS 103 |
| | The link between corruption and HIV/AIDS 104 |
| | Liz Tayler and Clare Dickinson |
| | Accountability in a time of crisis: corruption and the Global Fund 108 |
| | Toby Kasper |
| | Corruption in Kenya’s National AIDS Control Council 112 |
| | Kipkoech Tanui and Nixon Ng’ang’a |
| | Part two: Country reports |
| | 7 Lessons learned from anti-corruption campaigns around the world 119 |
| | Cobus de Swardt |
| | 8 Country reports |
| | Algeria Djilali Hadjadj 123 |
| | Bangladesh Iftekhar Zaman, Sydur Rahman and Abdul Alim 126 |
| | Bolivia Guillermo Pou Munt Serrano 130 |
| | Brazil Ana Luiza Fleck Saibro 133 |
| | Burkina Faso Luc Damiba 136 |
| | Cameroon Jean-Bosco Talla and Maurice Nguéfack 139 |
| | China Guo Yong and Liao Ran 142 |
| | Costa Rica Roxana Salazar 146 |
| | Croatia Ana First 149 |
| | Ecuador Andrés Tobar 152 |
| | Finland Santeri Eriksson 154 |
| | France Antoine Genevois 157 |
| | Georgia Daria Vaisman 160 |
| | Greece Markella Samara 164 |
| | Guatemala Alejandro Urizar 168 |
| | Ireland Elaine Byrne 172 |
| | Israel Doron Navot 176 |
| | Japan Transparency International Japan 181 |
| | Kazakhstan Sergey Zlotnikov 184 |
| | Kenya Wachira Maina and Noelina Nabwire 188 |
| | Kuwait Kuwait Economic Society 191 |
| | Kyrgyzstan Aigul Akmatjanova 195 |
| | Malaysia Mehrun Siraj and Sunita Chima 199 |
| | Morocco Azeddine Akesbi, Siham Benchekroun, Kamal El Mesbahi, Rachid Filali Meknassi and |
| | Michèle Zirari 203 |
| | Nepal Rama Krishna Regmee 206 |
| | New Zealand Shane Cave 210 |
| | Nicaragua Roberto Courtney 213 |
| | Panama Angélica Maytín Justiniani 216 |
| | Papua New Guinea Transparency International Papua New Guinea 220 |
| | Peru Samuel Rotta Castilla and |
| | Leonardo Narvarte Olivares 223 |
| | Poland Julia Pitera 227 |
| | Romania Adrian Savin 230 |
| | Serbia Nemanja Nenadic 235 |
| | Slovakia Emilia Sicáková-Beblavá 239 |
| | South Africa Ayesha Kajee 242 |
| | South Korea Geo-Sung Kim 246 |
| | Spain Manuel Villoria 250 |
| | Sri Lanka Anushika Amarasinghe 253 |
| | Switzerland Jeffrey Nilsen, Anne Schwöbel and Stefanie Teickner 257 |
| | Uganda Charles Mubbale and Paul Onapa 261 |
| | Ukraine Transparency International 265 |
| | United Kingdom Transparency International (UK) 267 |
| | United States of America Nancy Izzo Jackson with Michael Johnston, Mark Glaze, Holly Gregory |
| | and Chris Yukins 272 |
| | Vanuatu Anita Jowitt 277 |
| | Venezuela Transparencia Venezuela 280 |
| | Part three: Research on corruption |
| | 9. Introduction 287 |
| | Robin Hodess |
| | 10. Ten years of the CPI: determining trends 292 |
| | Johann Graf Lambsdorff |
| | 11. Corruption Perceptions Index 2005 298 |
| | Johann Graf Lambsdorff |
| | 12. Governance matters IV: new data, new challenges 304 |
| | Daniel Kaufmann, Aart Kraay and Massimo Mastruzzi |
| | 13. Corruption in the United States of America 308 |
| | Edward Glaeser and Raven Saks |
| | 14. Transparency and its impact on financial fragility 312 |
| | Saadia Zahidi |
| | 15. Budget transparency survey 315 |
| | Pamela Gomez |
| | 16. Beyond the rhetoric: measuring revenue transparency in the oil and gas industry 319 |
| | Elizabeth Lort-Phillips and Vanessa Herringshaw |
| | 17. Benchmarking corporate reputation: an incentive for good anti-corruption practice 323 |
| | Transparencia Mexicana |