DOE HANDBOOK - ELECTRICAL SAFETY

1,25
MB

280
stron

6357
ID U.S. Department of Energy

2004
rok

CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION .1-1

1.1 PURPOSE1-1

1.2 SCOPE 1-1

1.3 AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION (AHJ) .1-2

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .2-1

2.1 ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE OR REPAIRS .2-1

2.1.1 WORK ON ENERGIZED/DEENERGIZED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT.2-1

2.1.2 CONSIDERATIONS FOR WORKING ON ENERGIZED SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT.2-1

2.1.3. SAFETY WATCH RESPONSIBILITIES AND QUALIFICATIONS 2-2

2.2 BASIC SAFEGUARDS 2-2

2.3 RESPONSIBILITIES .2-3

2.3.1 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES .2-3

2.3.2 EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES.2-3

2.4 REVIEWS/INSPECTIONS .2-3

2.5 APPROVAL OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT2-4

2.6 CODES, STANDARDS, AND REGULATIONS 2-4

2.7 GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTERS 2-5

2.7.1 HOW A GFCI WORKS .2-5

2.7.2 USES2-6

2.8 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATIONS OF QUALIFIED WORKERS .2-7

2.8.1 FORMAL TRAINING AND QUALIFICATIONS .2-8

2.8.2 TRAINING OF SAFETY PERSONNEL2-8

2.9 WORKING SPACE AROUND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT2-9

2.9.1 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT RATED AT 600 VOLTS OR LESS 2-9

2.9.2 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT RATED OVER 600 VOLTS 2-9

2.10 IDENTIFICATION OF DISCONNECTION MEANS 2-10

2.10.1 DISCONNECTING MEANS 2-10

2.10.2 PANELBOARD CIRCUIT DIRECTORIES2-11

2.10.3 ENCLOSURE LABELING.2-11

2.10.4 LOAD LABELING 2-11

2.10.5 SOURCE LABELING .2-11

2.11 WORK INSTRUCTIONS2-11

2.11.1 SAFE WORK INSTRUCTIONS AND SUPERVISION.2-12

2.12 ELECTRICAL PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) .2-13

2.12.1 MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITIES 2-13

2.12.2 INSPECTING PPE.2-13

2.12.3 CLEANING AND ELECTRICAL TESTING OF PPE2-13

2.12.3.1 TESTING 2-14

2.12.3.2 TESTING APPARATUS .2-14

2.12.3.3 RETESTED PPE .2-14

2.12.4 LIVE-LINE TOOLS.2-14

2.12.4.1 FIBERGLASS-HANDLED TOOLS 2-14

2.12.4.2 WOODEN-HANDLED TOOLS 2-14

2.12.5 MAXIMUM USAGE VOLTAGE .2-14

2.12.6 MAXIMUM USAGE VOLTAGE FOR LIVE-LINE TOOLS 2-15

2.12.7 RUBBER-INSULATED GLOVES 2-15

2.12.8 STORAGE 2-15

2.12.9 SAFETY SHOES, HATS, AND GLASSES .2-15

2.13 WORK PRACTICES .2-15

2.13.1 TRAINING.2-16

2.13.1.1 LIVE PARTS .2-16

2.13.1.2 SAFE PROCEDURE2-16

2.13.1.3 CIRCUITS AND EQUIPMENT2-16

2.13.1.4 STORED ELECTRICAL ENERGY 2-16

2.13.1.5 STORED NONELECTRICAL ENERGY .2-16

2.13.1.6 LOCKOUT/TAGOUT PROCEDURE .2-16

2.13.2 VERIFICATION OF DEENERGIZED CONDITION .2-17

2.13.2.1 VOLTAGE VERIFICATION TEST.2-17

2.13.2.2 APPLICATION OF GROUNDS .2-17

2.13.3 REENERGIZING EQUIPMENT 2-17

2.13.3.1 TESTS AND VISUAL INSPECTIONS 2-18

2.13.3.2 WARNING EMPLOYEES.2-18

2.13.4.1 APPROACH DISTANCE 2-18

2.13.4.2 TWO WORKERS.2-19

2.13.4.4 ILLUMINATION .2-19

2.13.4.5 SYSTEMS UNDER LOAD2-19

2.13.4.6 WORKING WITH TEST INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT2-19

2.13.4.6.1 QUALIFIED EMPLOYEES 2-19

2.13.4.6.2 VISUAL INSPECTIONS2-20

2.13.4.6.3 RATING INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT.2-20

2.13.4.6.4 CALIBRATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS .2-20

3.0 ELECTRICAL PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE .3-1

3.1 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS 3-1

3.2 DEFINITION.3-1

3.3 MAINTENANCE3-1

3.4 INSPECTION .3-2

3.5 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS .3-3

3.6 PLANNING AND DEVELOPING AN EPM PROGRAM, AND FUNDAMENTALS OF EPM3-3

3.7 GROUND-FAULT PROTECTION.3-3

3.3 MAINTENANCE3-5

4.0 GROUNDING4-1

4.1 REGULATIONS, CODES, AND REFERENCES4-1

4.1.1 ENGINEERING SPECIFICATIONS AND DRAWINGS .4-1

4.2 CIRCUIT AND SYSTEM GROUNDING 4-1

4.3 EQUIPMENT GROUNDING 4-1

4.4 BONDING 4-2

4.5 GROUNDED OR UNGROUNDED SYSTEMS 4-2

4.5.1 GROUNDED SYSTEMS 4-3

4.5.2 UNGROUNDED SYSTEMS .4-4

4.5.3 HIGH-IMPEDANCE GROUNDING4-5

4.7 GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR (GEC) .4-6

4.7.1 SIZING THE GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR 4-8

4.7.2 EXCEPTIONS TO NEC 250-66 4-8

4.8 MAIN BONDING JUMPER 4-8

4.9 SYSTEM WITH GROUNDED CONDUCTOR4-9

4.10 EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTOR4-11

4.10.1 SIZING THE EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTOR.4-12

4.10.2 SEPARATE EQUIPMENT GROUNDING CONDUCTORS4-12

4.11 UNGROUNDED SYSTEMS.4-13

4.12 GROUNDING A SEPARATELY DERIVED SYSTEM .4-13

4.13 GROUNDING ELECTRODE SYSTEM .4-14

4.14 GROUND-FAULT PROTECTION OF EQUIPMENT 4-15

4.15 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE GROUNDS .4-15

4.15.1 PURPOSE OF PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE GROUNDS .4-16

4.15.2 CRITERIA FOR PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE GROUNDS .4-16

4.15.3 GROUNDING CLAMPS .4-17

4.15.4 SCREW-TIGHTENING DEVICES .4-17

4.15.5 GROUNDING CABLE LENGTH4-17

4.15.6 GROUNDING CABLE CONNECTION.4-17

4.15.7 CONNECTING GROUNDING CABLES IN SEQUENCE .4-17

4.15.8 REMOVING PROTECTIVE GROUNDS 4-18

4.15.9 PROTECTIVE APPAREL AND EQUIPMENT 4-18

5.0 SPECIAL OCCUPANCIES .5-1

5.1 EXPLOSIVES .5-1

5.1.1 EVACUATION.5-1

5.1.2 SHUTDOWN OF OPERATIONS.5-1

5.1.3 LIGHTNING PROTECTION5-1

5.1.4 STATIC ELECTRICITY 5-2

5.1.4.1 BONDING AND GROUNDING EQUIPMENT.5-2

5.1.4.2 TESTING EQUIPMENT GROUNDING SYSTEMS .5-2

5.1.4.3 CONDUCTIVE FLOORS, SHOES, MATS, AND WRISTBANDS .5-3

5.1.4.4 SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONDUCTIVE FLOORS AND WRISTBANDS 5-3

5.1.4.5 CONDUCTIVE FLOOR TEST.5-3

5.1.4.6 HUMIDIFICATION .5-4

5.1.4.7 GROUND-FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER .5-5

5.1.5 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND WIRING5-5

5.1.5.1 PERMANENT EQUIPMENT AND WIRING5-5

5.1.5.2 HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS .5-5

5.1.5.3 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEMS .5-6

5.1.5.4 BUILDING SERVICE ENTRANCE 5-7

5.1.6 TESTING 5-7

5.1.6.1 TEST SETUP 5-8

5.1.6.2 PIN SWITCHES AND OTHER NONINITIATING CIRCUITS 5-8

5.1.6.3 LIGHTNING STORMS .5-8

5.1.6.4 LOW-ENERGY ELECTROEXPLOSIVE DEVICES .5-8

5.1.6.5 WARNING SIGNALS .5-11

5.1.6.6 FIRING LEADS .5-11

5.1.6.7 ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS FOR USE WITH EXPLOSIVES SYSTEMS.5-11

5.1.6.7.1 CLASSIFICATION .5-11

5.1.6.7.2 CERTIFICATION .5-11

5.1.6.7.3 ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS FOR USE WITH INITIATING ELECTRICAL

CIRCUITS .5-12

5.1.6.7.4 ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS FOR USE WITH NONINITIATING ELECTRICAL

CIRCUITS .5-12

5.2 PREVENTION OF EXTERNAL IGNITION AND EXPLOSION 5-12